Given an integer N, it is easy to determine whether or not N is prime, because a set of primes is in LPP. Then given a composite number N, is it easy to determine whether or not N is of a specified form? In this paper, we consider a subset of odd composite numbers +1MOD4 (resp. +3MOD4), which is a subset of odd composite numbers consisting of prime factors congruent to 1 (resp. 3) modulo 4, and show that (1) there exists a four move (blackbox simulation) perfect ZKIP for the complement of +1MOD4 without any unproven assumption; (2) there exists a five move (blackbox simulation) perfect ZKIP for +1MOD4 without any unproven assumption; (3) there exists a four move (blackbox simulation) perfect ZKIP for +3MOD4 without any unproven assumption; and (4) there exists a five move (blackbox simulation) statistical ZKIP for the complement of +3MOD4 without any unproven assumption. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first results for a language L that seems to be not random self-reducible but has a constant move blackbox simulation perfect or statistical ZKIP for L and without any unproven assumption.

A new silicon capacitive pressure sensor with center clamped diaphragm is presented. The sensor has a silicon-glass structure and is fabricated by batch-fabrication processes. Since deformed diaphragm has a doughnut-shape, parallel-like displacement is realized and therefore better linearity of 0.7% which is half of the conventional flat diaphragm sensor is obtained. It is clarified both analytically and experimentally that the capacitive pressure sensor with center clamped diaphragm is advantageous in terms of linearity.

This paper describes a perspective on Personal Communicatoins Services (PCS) and technological trends. It takes into consideration rules pertaining to the use of PCS for mobile radio communication and countermeasures to cope with the huge increase in PCS subscribers. In this paper, PCS network structures, inter-regional roaming, microcell structure, radio access and channel access methods are also covered as PCS technologies. Furthermore, trends in domestic and international standards are also described. Although these technologies present many difficulties, we believe that they will be overcome and PCS services will be introduced in the near future.

Internet Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) across geographically distributed users' networks are ideal for ad-hoc group activities, such as online gaming, over the Internet. However, users find it difficult to determine and set the configurations of the VPN routers and hosts rapidly enough for ad-hoc usage, due to the need for consistency of such configurations over the users' networks. Moreover, the number of operators is insufficient to help all users. Hence, the automatic determination and setting of such configurations from the management server is desirable. Existing auto-configuration methods are insufficient for ad-hoc usage because they cannot rapidly determine and set the hosts' configurations to be consistent with the VPN and user's network they are joining. To enable ad-hoc creation of and joining to a VPN by the users themselves, we propose a new method that utilizes the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which can automatically set the configurations of many existing hosts. The DHCP server's and relay agents' configurations are automatically determined and set by the VPN management server, based on the user request, so that the hosts can be auto-configured to be consistent with the VPN and the user's network they are joining, from the DHCP server via the autoconfigured DHCP relay agents. To evaluate the time overhead of our proposed method, we implemented a test bed, including 10 VPN routers, a VPN management server, and a DHCP server. In this evaluation, the DHCP server is auto-configured for each new VPN in less than 1 second, and the DHCP relay agents on the VPN routers are auto-configured in less than 5 percent of the total time for configuring the VPN routers, regardless of the total number of the VPN routers in a VPN. These results show that the proposed method can auto-configure the VPN routers and hosts simultaneously with the DHCP, while ensuring sufficient rapidity of the entire auto-configuration operation for ad-hoc usage.

This paper focuses on flow control in high-speed and large-scale networks. Each node in the network handles its local traffic flow only on the basis of the information it knows. It is preferable, however, that the decision making of each node leads to high performance of the whole network. To this end, the relationship between local decision making and global performance of flow control is the essential object. We propose phenomenological models of flow control of high-speed and large-scale networks, and investigate the stability of these models.