Space-frequency transmit diversity (SFTD) and space-code transmit diversity (SCTD), which are both based on space-time block codes (STBC), were applied to time-direction spreading and two-dimensional spreading orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing code-division multiplexing (OFDM-CDM) systems, and the transmission performances were compared by computer simulation. SFTD is designed for space and two adjacent subcarriers whereas SCTD is designed for space and two distinct Walsh-Hadamard (WH) codes. The simulation results show that SCTD applied to time-direction spreading OFDM-CDM was superior to SFTD because frequency selectivity distorted STBC's orthogonality between sub-carriers in SFTD. In contrast, when they were applied to two-dimensional spreading OFDM-CDM, SFTD was superior to SCTD when the number of WH codes belonging to the same mother-code group is small because the frequency diversity provided by SFTD surpassed that provided by SCTD. In addition, both SFTD and SCTD provide high tolerance to large Doppler spread. It can be therefore concluded that both SCTD and SFTD can be used in the same frame by code-multiplexing according to their suitability to physical channels. SCTD is suitable for transmitting high-rate data via time-direction spreading, whereas SFTD is suitable for transmitting control data via two-dimensional spreading.