We propose an architecture for offloading processes in applications to support low-performance devices. Almost all applications based on standardized web technologies are compatible with our architecture. We discuss how interfaces should be used properly to offload processes in JavaScript and argue that an interface for offloading should only be used for defining complex processes. We also propose a method for applying our architecture to web applications that use web workers. Our method automatically offloads some worker processes to the cloud. We also compare the processing times achieved with and without our method. Our architecture exhibits good efficacy with regards to the N-Queen problem, although it is influenced by network latency between a device and the cloud.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are a pressing problem on the Internet as demonstrated by recent attacks on major e-commerce servers and ISPs. Since the attack is highly distributed, an effective solution must be formulated with a distributed approach. Recently, some solutions, in which intermediate network nodes filter or shape congested traffic, have been proposed. These solutions may decrease the congested traffic, but they still cause "collateral victims problem," that is, legitimate packets may be discarded mistakenly. In this paper, we propose Active Countermeasure Platform to minimize traffic congestion and to address the collateral victim problem using the Active Networks paradigm, which incorporates programmability into intermediate network nodes. Our platform can prevent overloading of the target and consuming the network bandwidth of both the backbone and the protected site autonomously. In addition, it can improve the collateral victim problem based on user policy. This paper shows the concept of our platform, system design and evaluation of the effectiveness using a prototype.