Bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BSAR) with one fixed station (OF-BSAR) can be used in wide area surveillance, ground moving target indication etc. This paper analyzes the spatial variance of OF-BSAR. Analytical expressions of the spatial invariance region in the data space are given. Using these results, we can determine the spatial invariance region in the data set and the imaging area. After that, we give a data blocking scheme for raw data focusing. Numerical simulation verifies the results of this paper.

With appropriate geometry configurations, bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can break through the limitations of monostatic SAR for forward-looking imaging. Thanks to such a capability, bistatic forward-looking SAR (BFSAR) has extensive potential applications. This paper develops a frequency-domain imaging algorithm for translational invariant BFSAR. The algorithm uses the method of Lengendre polynomials expansion to compute the two dimensional point target reference spectrum, and this spectrum is used to perform the range cell migration correction (RCMC), secondary range compression and azimuth compression. In particular, the Doppler-centroid and bistatic-range dependent interpolation for residual RCMC is presented in detail. In addition, a method that combines the ambiguity and resolution theories to determine the forward-looking imaging swath is also presented in this paper.