We present an electrostatic tactile display for stimulus localization. The 240-Hz electrostatic force was generated by the beat phenomenon in a region where excited X electrodes cross excited Y electrodes, which presents localized tactile sensation out of the entire surface. A 10.4-in. visual-tactile integrated display was successfully demonstrated.

Traveling-wave light intensity modulator was constructed using the 5 µm wide strip optical waveguide of z-cut LiNbO3 and the asymmetric stripline as the modulator electrode. The half-wave voltage of 23 V and the extinction ratio of 97% were achieved. Modulation was performed up to 18 GHz.

We developed an 8.4-inch electrostatic-tactile touch display using a segmented-electrode array (30×20) as both tactile pixels and touch sensors. Each pixel can be excited independently so that the electrostatic-tactile touch display allows presenting real localized tactile textures in any shape. A driving scheme in which the tactile strength is independent of the grounding state of the human body by employing two-phased actuation was also proposed and demonstrated. Furthermore, tactile crosstalk was investigated to find it was due to the voltage fluctuation in the human body and it was diminished by applying the aforementioned driving scheme.