We propose simple but efficient encapsulation architecture. In the architecture, clients can better decode Extensible Markup Language (XML) based service information for TV contents with schema digest. Our experimental results show the superiority of the proposed architecture by comparing the compression ratios and decoding times of the proposed architecture and the existing architectures.

Most network systems provide an authentication mechanism based on a user identification number and a password. In such systems, it is easy to obtain a user's password using a sniffer program with illegal eavesdropping. The one-time password method and the challenge-response method are useful authentication schemes that protect a user's password against eavesdropping. In client/server environments, the one-time password scheme using time is especially useful because it solves the synchronization problem. However, it has a problem of time-slippage, and this problem causes the authentication to be failed. In this paper, we propose an effective one-time password algorithm, which solves the time-slippage problem through the use of 1-bit information, which denotes the duration in which the authentication could be failed because of time-slippage. This algorithm can be added easily and quickly to current one-time password systems using time without requiring any change of protocols.