This paper presents a novel method to increase an impedance of a current source. The proposed circuit with a cascode and gain-boosting configuration is also presented. The operation has been confirmed by simulation using a 0.18 µm CMOS technology.

Eye tracking is a useful tool for accurately mapping where and for how long an individual learner looks at a video/image, in order to obtain immediate information regarding the distribution of a learner's attention among the elements of a video/image. This paper describes a quantitative investigation into the effect of voice navigation in web-based learning materials.