Structured signatures are digital signatures where relationship between signers is guaranteed in addition to the validity of individually generated data for each signer, and have been expected for the digital right management. Nevertheless, we mention that there is no scheme with a tight security reduction, to the best of our knowledge. Loosely speaking, it means that the security is downgraded against an adversary who obtains a large amount of signatures. Since contents are widely utilized in general, achieving a tighter reduction is desirable. Based on this background, we propose the first structured signature scheme with a tight security reduction in the conventional public key cryptography and the one with a rigorous reduction proof in the ID-based cryptography via our new proof method. Moreover, the security of our schemes can be proven under the CDH assumption which is the most standard. Our schemes are also based on bilinear maps whose implementation can be provided via well-known cryptographic libraries.

Backscatter communication is an emerging wireless access technology to realize ultra-low power terminals exploiting the modulated reflection of incident radio wave. This paper proposes a method to measure the phase angle of backscatter link using principal component analysis (PCA). The phase angle measurement of backscatter link at the receiver is essential to maximize the signal quality for subsequent demodulation and to measure the distance and the angle of arrival. The drawback of popular phase angle measurement with naive phase averaging and linear regression analysis is to produce erroneous phase angle, where the phase angle is close to $pmrac{pi}{2}$ radian and the signal quality is poor. The advantage of the proposal is quantified with a computer simulation, a conducted experiment and radio propagation experiments.