An exact solution of the propagation constant of a cylindrical waveguide has been obtained in the event of the conductivity of the waveguide-composing conductor being finite. The said analysis has been reduced to a problem to solve a transcendental equation concerning an eigenvalue of the individual modes of the in-guide electromagnetic wave, and calculation of Jn-1(z)/Jn(z) by using of Bessel function becomes necessary. With a large conductivity the absolute value of the complex number z becomes excessively large, and none of calculation method with high accuracy has been found with the aid of a computer. This paper has solved the problem by using a continued fraction for the calculation with regard to which a recurrence formula is utilized. With the TE01 wave that has conventionally been used as a millimeter-wave guide, it is cleared that it is sufficient to select the number of the calculation terms of the continued fraction to the extent of approximately 1000 in the accuracy in accordance with this calculation method. It is also cleared that the approximation solution obtained by a method of perturbation coincides with the exact solution for the conductivity σ 102 [S/m].

This paper deals with a problem of maximizing directivity of a uniformly spaced broadside array under constraints on the specified sidelobe level. For this purpose, we use a quadratic programming in order to clarify the properties of the radiation pattern with high directivity and low sidelobe level. In resulting radiation patterns, the first sidelobes are suppressed to the specified level and other sidelobes decrease gradually in magnitude similarly to a Taylor pattern. The number of sidelobes in equal magnitude is determined by the specified sidelobe level. These properties are still held for both isotropic and parallel dipole elements.

We describe the characteristics of scattering and diffraction of plane E-waves by a lossy dielectric elliptic cylinder. The computational programs for calculating the analytic solutions for the diffraction of a lossy dielectric elliptic cylinder can be achieved. From the calculated results of the backscattering cross section (BSCS) (usually the radar cross section: RCS) and the forward-scattering cross section (FSCS) due to the cross-sectional shape and complex dielectric constant of the elliptic cylinder, the features of the BSCS and FSCS can be clarified as follows. (1) There is a cross-sectional shape of the cylinder which results in a minimum BSCS with a complex dielectric constant of the cylinder. (2) The BSCS and FSCS of the lossy dielectric scatterer approach zero as the scatterer approaches a strip. This result means that no material composing such a strip exists, and the features are very different from those in a perfectly conducting strip. (3) The influence of conductivity, σ, of the cylinder on a scattered wave is small for the relative dielectric constant of εr6. (4) The total scattering cross section of the lossy dielectric elliptic cylinder which causes the minimum BSCS is not small. Hence, it may be considered that the minimum BSCS is determined mainly by interference based on the cross-sectional shape and complex dielectric constant of cylinder, and is not caused by incident wave absorption due to the lossy dielectric.

Two-dimensional diffracted fields from semiinfinite conducting plane with a circular cylinder of various types at its apex are studied for the purpose of suppressing the backward radiations from the reflector antennas. The basic policy for the suppression of the diffracted fields was already obtained by the authors. It concludes that the electrically and magnetically conducting cylinders are most effective in suppressing the diffraction for the E and H wave incidence, respectively. From the practical point of view, the main difficulty in this policy is how to realize the magnetically conducting cylinder which suppresses the H wave diffraction. In this paper, a corrugated cylinder is adopted for the purpose of the suppression of the H wave diffraction. The characteristics of this cylinder are analyzed by the mode-matching techniques and it is indicated that the corrugated cylinder fairly suppresses the diffracted fields, not only for the H wave but also for the E wave incidence, to almost the optimal level. Additionally, the wideband frequency characteristics are introduced. All these theoretical results are confirmed by the equivalent two-dimensional experiments. At the end of this paper, the applicability of the corrugated cylinder to the suppression of the three-dimensional diffracted fields is suggested experimentally.