The integration of VANETs with Internet is required if vehicles are to access IP-based applications. A vehicle must have an IP address, and the IP mobility service should be supported during the movement of the vehicle. VANET standards such as WAVE or C-ITS use IPv6 address auto configuration to allocate an IP address to a vehicle. In C-ITS, NEMO-BS is used to support IP mobility. The vehicle moves rapidly, so reallocation of IP address as well as binding update occurs frequently. The vehicle' communication, however, may be disrupted for a considerable amount of time, and the packet loss occurs during these events. Also, the finding of the home address of the peer vehicle is not a trivial matter. We propose a network based identifier locator separation scheme for VANETs. The scheme uses a vehicle identity based address generation scheme. It eliminates the frequent address reallocation and simplifies the finding of the peer vehicle IP address. In the scheme, a network entity tracks the vehicles in its coverage and the vehicles share the IP address of the network entity for their locators. The network entity manages the mapping between the vehicle's identifier and its IP address. The scheme excludes the vehicles from the mobility procedure, so a vehicle needs only the standard IPv6 protocol stack, and mobility signaling does not occur on the wireless link. The scheme also supports seamlessness, so packet loss is mitigated. The results of a simulation show that the vehicles experience seamless packet delivery.

In research community of content distribution, a new communication paradigm of rendezvous-based abstraction which easily enables location-free content-oriented services, attracts great attention. ID/Locator separation architecture is originally proposed for resolving increase of routing table size in the current Internet but it has possibility of supporting this abstraction because host ID is clearly separated from its location. This feature of ID/Locator separation means an end host can be identified by ID independent of its network layer protocol. So, ID/Locator separation architecture enables communication with end host(s) operating different network-layer protocol, which might increase candidate paths between host pairs and improve content distribution path. In this paper, we evaluate this improvement of shortest path brought by inter-layer 3 networking. In inter-layer 3 networking, a shared node connecting different network layer plane plays an important role. We evaluate shortest path improvement with various shared node locations and show that strategic assignment of shared nodes brings large improvement. When multiple layer 3 networks are available for users, shortest path might be improved even only with multi-homing (without inter-layer 3 networking). We also evaluate shortest path improvement brought by multi-homing and inter-layer 3 networking for incremental deployment scenario of multi-homing. Our simulation results show that inter-layer 3 networking brings great improvement even with small number of users deploying multi-homing while only multi-homing itself brings small improvement.