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  • Ultra-Low Voltage Analog Integrated Circuits

    Shouri CHATTERJEE  Yannis TSIVIDIS  Peter KINGET  

     
    INVITED PAPER

      Vol:
    E89-C No:6
      Page(s):
    673-680

    The operation of analog circuits from ultra low supply voltages becomes necessary due to semiconductor technology scaling. Yet traditional design techniques cannot be used. In this paper, we review techniques that allow analog circuits to operate with supply voltages as low as 0.5 V. Biasing considerations are given, and robust bias circuits are discussed. For frequency-tunable circuits, a low-voltage MOS varactor tuning technique is presented. The techniques discussed are applied to two different OTA topologies, as well as to an automatically tuned, fifth-order active RC filter. This material is largely based on the work of the authors as described in [1]-[5].