The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) vision and five network targets of research and development (R&D) of the NeW-Generation Network (NWGN) are presented in this letter. The NWGN is based on new design concepts that look beyond the next generation network (NGN). The NWGN will maintain the sustainability of our prosperous civilization and help resolve various social issues and problems by using information and communication technologies (ICTs). NICT's vision for NWGN is also presented in this letter. Based on this vision, 19 items concerning social issues and future social outlook are analyzed, and the functional requirements of the NWGN are extracted. The requirements are refined and categorized into five network targets that must be developed for realizing the vision.