Variance Distribution of Reflection Coefficients in Six-Port Reflectometer

Manabu KINOSHITA; Hajime SUZUKI; Toshiyuki YAKABE; Hatsuo YABE

Variance Distribution of Reflection Coefficients in Six-Port Reflectometer

Manabu KINOSHITA, Hajime SUZUKI, Toshiyuki YAKABE, Hatsuo YABE

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This paper discusses the effect of random errors in power meter readings by the six-port reflectometer. By means of six-port techniques, the determination of the reflection coefficient (Γ) of a divice under test is reduced to the problem of finding a common intersection of three circles in the complex plane. Since the intersection usually forms a cluster due to the effect of measurement error, the extraction of a single value from the cluster including the radical center of the three circles is required. Two types of methods are presented for determining Γ. One uses a linear solution for the radical center, and the other is a statistically based nonlinear solution. In order to improve measurement accuracy, the effect of random errors in the sidearm power meter readings and due to the influence of the q-point locations are investigated for each method. By adding a random variation of 0.5% onto each of the three port power ratios, the variance distributions of Γ over the entire area of the Smith chart are simulated for comparison of these two solutions. The three dimensional variance distribution chart reveals that only the nonlinear solution suffers a variance increase shown as a ridgelike peak along the lines of centers of the three circles. As a result of computer simulations, it is clarified that the reflectometer has the property of measurement accuracy dependence on the value of Γ. A new type of six-port model is suggested, which is unlikely to be affected by random errors in the nonlinear solution.

Publication: IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics Vol.E77-C No.6 pp.930-934

Publication Date: 1994/06/25

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Type of Manuscript: Special Section PAPER (Special Issue on Measurement Techniques for Microwave/Millimeter Wave)

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Manabu KINOSHITA, Hajime SUZUKI, Toshiyuki YAKABE, Hatsuo YABE, "Variance Distribution of Reflection Coefficients in Six-Port Reflectometer" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics, vol. E77-C, no. 6, pp. 930-934, June 1994, doi: .
Abstract: This paper discusses the effect of random errors in power meter readings by the six-port reflectometer. By means of six-port techniques, the determination of the reflection coefficient (Γ) of a divice under test is reduced to the problem of finding a common intersection of three circles in the complex plane. Since the intersection usually forms a cluster due to the effect of measurement error, the extraction of a single value from the cluster including the radical center of the three circles is required. Two types of methods are presented for determining Γ. One uses a linear solution for the radical center, and the other is a statistically based nonlinear solution. In order to improve measurement accuracy, the effect of random errors in the sidearm power meter readings and due to the influence of the q-point locations are investigated for each method. By adding a random variation of 0.5% onto each of the three port power ratios, the variance distributions of Γ over the entire area of the Smith chart are simulated for comparison of these two solutions. The three dimensional variance distribution chart reveals that only the nonlinear solution suffers a variance increase shown as a ridgelike peak along the lines of centers of the three circles. As a result of computer simulations, it is clarified that the reflectometer has the property of measurement accuracy dependence on the value of Γ. A new type of six-port model is suggested, which is unlikely to be affected by random errors in the nonlinear solution.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/electronics/10.1587/e77-c_6_930/_p

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@ARTICLE{e77-c_6_930,
author={Manabu KINOSHITA, Hajime SUZUKI, Toshiyuki YAKABE, Hatsuo YABE, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics},
title={Variance Distribution of Reflection Coefficients in Six-Port Reflectometer},
year={1994},
volume={E77-C},
number={6},
pages={930-934},
abstract={This paper discusses the effect of random errors in power meter readings by the six-port reflectometer. By means of six-port techniques, the determination of the reflection coefficient (Γ) of a divice under test is reduced to the problem of finding a common intersection of three circles in the complex plane. Since the intersection usually forms a cluster due to the effect of measurement error, the extraction of a single value from the cluster including the radical center of the three circles is required. Two types of methods are presented for determining Γ. One uses a linear solution for the radical center, and the other is a statistically based nonlinear solution. In order to improve measurement accuracy, the effect of random errors in the sidearm power meter readings and due to the influence of the q-point locations are investigated for each method. By adding a random variation of 0.5% onto each of the three port power ratios, the variance distributions of Γ over the entire area of the Smith chart are simulated for comparison of these two solutions. The three dimensional variance distribution chart reveals that only the nonlinear solution suffers a variance increase shown as a ridgelike peak along the lines of centers of the three circles. As a result of computer simulations, it is clarified that the reflectometer has the property of measurement accuracy dependence on the value of Γ. A new type of six-port model is suggested, which is unlikely to be affected by random errors in the nonlinear solution.},
keywords={},
doi={},
ISSN={},
month={June},}

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TY - JOUR
TI - Variance Distribution of Reflection Coefficients in Six-Port Reflectometer
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics
SP - 930
EP - 934
AU - Manabu KINOSHITA
AU - Hajime SUZUKI
AU - Toshiyuki YAKABE
AU - Hatsuo YABE
PY - 1994
DO -
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics
SN -
VL - E77-C
IS - 6
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics
Y1 - June 1994
AB - This paper discusses the effect of random errors in power meter readings by the six-port reflectometer. By means of six-port techniques, the determination of the reflection coefficient (Γ) of a divice under test is reduced to the problem of finding a common intersection of three circles in the complex plane. Since the intersection usually forms a cluster due to the effect of measurement error, the extraction of a single value from the cluster including the radical center of the three circles is required. Two types of methods are presented for determining Γ. One uses a linear solution for the radical center, and the other is a statistically based nonlinear solution. In order to improve measurement accuracy, the effect of random errors in the sidearm power meter readings and due to the influence of the q-point locations are investigated for each method. By adding a random variation of 0.5% onto each of the three port power ratios, the variance distributions of Γ over the entire area of the Smith chart are simulated for comparison of these two solutions. The three dimensional variance distribution chart reveals that only the nonlinear solution suffers a variance increase shown as a ridgelike peak along the lines of centers of the three circles. As a result of computer simulations, it is clarified that the reflectometer has the property of measurement accuracy dependence on the value of Γ. A new type of six-port model is suggested, which is unlikely to be affected by random errors in the nonlinear solution.
ER -