A 1-V, 6.72-mW, 5.8-GHz CMOS Injection-Locked Quadrature Local Oscillator with Stacked Transformer Feedback VCO

Tzuen-Hsi HUANG; Yuan-Ru TSENG; Shang-Hsun WU

doi:10.1587/transele.E93.C.505

A 1-V, 6.72-mW, 5.8-GHz CMOS Injection-Locked Quadrature Local Oscillator with Stacked Transformer Feedback VCO

Tzuen-Hsi HUANG, Yuan-Ru TSENG, Shang-Hsun WU

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This paper presents a real integration of a 5.8-GHz injection-locked quadrature local oscillator that includes two LC-tuned injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) and a wide-tuning stacked-transformer feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) operated in double frequency. A symmetric differential stacked-transformer with a high coupling factor and a high quality factor is used as a feedback component for the wide-tuning VCO design. The wide tuning range, which is greater than three times the desired bandwidth, is achieved by selecting a greater tuning capacitance ratio available from high-voltage N-type accumulation-mode MOS varactors and a smaller self-inductance stacked-transformer. Since the quality factors of the LC-resonator components can sustain at a high enough level, the wide-tuning VCO does not suffer from the phase noise degradation too much. In addition, the tuning range of the local oscillator is extended simultaneously by utilizing switched capacitor arrays (SCAs) in the ILFDs. The circuit is implemented by TSMC's 0.18-µm RF CMOS technology. At a 1-V power supply, the whole integrated circuit dissipates 6.72 mW (4.05 mW for the VCO and 2.67 mW for the two ILFDs). The total tuning range frequency is about 500 MHz (from 5.54 GHz to 6.04 GHz) when the tuning voltage V_tune ranges from 0 V to 1.8 V. At around the output frequency of 5.77 GHz (at V_tune = 0.5 V), the measured phase noise of this local oscillator is -119.4 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset frequency. This work satisfies the specification requirement for IEEE 802.11a UNII-3 band application. The corresponding figure-of-merit (FOM) calculated is 186.3 dB.

Publication: IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics Vol.E93-C No.4 pp.505-513

Publication Date: 2010/04/01

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Online ISSN: 1745-1353

DOI: 10.1587/transele.E93.C.505

Type of Manuscript: PAPER

Category: Microwaves, Millimeter-Waves

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Tzuen-Hsi HUANG, Yuan-Ru TSENG, Shang-Hsun WU, "A 1-V, 6.72-mW, 5.8-GHz CMOS Injection-Locked Quadrature Local Oscillator with Stacked Transformer Feedback VCO" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics, vol. E93-C, no. 4, pp. 505-513, April 2010, doi: 10.1587/transele.E93.C.505.
Abstract: This paper presents a real integration of a 5.8-GHz injection-locked quadrature local oscillator that includes two LC-tuned injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) and a wide-tuning stacked-transformer feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) operated in double frequency. A symmetric differential stacked-transformer with a high coupling factor and a high quality factor is used as a feedback component for the wide-tuning VCO design. The wide tuning range, which is greater than three times the desired bandwidth, is achieved by selecting a greater tuning capacitance ratio available from high-voltage N-type accumulation-mode MOS varactors and a smaller self-inductance stacked-transformer. Since the quality factors of the LC-resonator components can sustain at a high enough level, the wide-tuning VCO does not suffer from the phase noise degradation too much. In addition, the tuning range of the local oscillator is extended simultaneously by utilizing switched capacitor arrays (SCAs) in the ILFDs. The circuit is implemented by TSMC's 0.18-µm RF CMOS technology. At a 1-V power supply, the whole integrated circuit dissipates 6.72 mW (4.05 mW for the VCO and 2.67 mW for the two ILFDs). The total tuning range frequency is about 500 MHz (from 5.54 GHz to 6.04 GHz) when the tuning voltage V_tune ranges from 0 V to 1.8 V. At around the output frequency of 5.77 GHz (at V_tune = 0.5 V), the measured phase noise of this local oscillator is -119.4 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset frequency. This work satisfies the specification requirement for IEEE 802.11a UNII-3 band application. The corresponding figure-of-merit (FOM) calculated is 186.3 dB.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/electronics/10.1587/transele.E93.C.505/_p

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@ARTICLE{e93-c_4_505,
author={Tzuen-Hsi HUANG, Yuan-Ru TSENG, Shang-Hsun WU, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics},
title={A 1-V, 6.72-mW, 5.8-GHz CMOS Injection-Locked Quadrature Local Oscillator with Stacked Transformer Feedback VCO},
year={2010},
volume={E93-C},
number={4},
pages={505-513},
abstract={This paper presents a real integration of a 5.8-GHz injection-locked quadrature local oscillator that includes two LC-tuned injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) and a wide-tuning stacked-transformer feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) operated in double frequency. A symmetric differential stacked-transformer with a high coupling factor and a high quality factor is used as a feedback component for the wide-tuning VCO design. The wide tuning range, which is greater than three times the desired bandwidth, is achieved by selecting a greater tuning capacitance ratio available from high-voltage N-type accumulation-mode MOS varactors and a smaller self-inductance stacked-transformer. Since the quality factors of the LC-resonator components can sustain at a high enough level, the wide-tuning VCO does not suffer from the phase noise degradation too much. In addition, the tuning range of the local oscillator is extended simultaneously by utilizing switched capacitor arrays (SCAs) in the ILFDs. The circuit is implemented by TSMC's 0.18-µm RF CMOS technology. At a 1-V power supply, the whole integrated circuit dissipates 6.72 mW (4.05 mW for the VCO and 2.67 mW for the two ILFDs). The total tuning range frequency is about 500 MHz (from 5.54 GHz to 6.04 GHz) when the tuning voltage V_tune ranges from 0 V to 1.8 V. At around the output frequency of 5.77 GHz (at V_tune = 0.5 V), the measured phase noise of this local oscillator is -119.4 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset frequency. This work satisfies the specification requirement for IEEE 802.11a UNII-3 band application. The corresponding figure-of-merit (FOM) calculated is 186.3 dB.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transele.E93.C.505},
ISSN={1745-1353},
month={April},}

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TY - JOUR
TI - A 1-V, 6.72-mW, 5.8-GHz CMOS Injection-Locked Quadrature Local Oscillator with Stacked Transformer Feedback VCO
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics
SP - 505
EP - 513
AU - Tzuen-Hsi HUANG
AU - Yuan-Ru TSENG
AU - Shang-Hsun WU
PY - 2010
DO - 10.1587/transele.E93.C.505
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics
SN - 1745-1353
VL - E93-C
IS - 4
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Electronics
Y1 - April 2010
AB - This paper presents a real integration of a 5.8-GHz injection-locked quadrature local oscillator that includes two LC-tuned injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) and a wide-tuning stacked-transformer feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) operated in double frequency. A symmetric differential stacked-transformer with a high coupling factor and a high quality factor is used as a feedback component for the wide-tuning VCO design. The wide tuning range, which is greater than three times the desired bandwidth, is achieved by selecting a greater tuning capacitance ratio available from high-voltage N-type accumulation-mode MOS varactors and a smaller self-inductance stacked-transformer. Since the quality factors of the LC-resonator components can sustain at a high enough level, the wide-tuning VCO does not suffer from the phase noise degradation too much. In addition, the tuning range of the local oscillator is extended simultaneously by utilizing switched capacitor arrays (SCAs) in the ILFDs. The circuit is implemented by TSMC's 0.18-µm RF CMOS technology. At a 1-V power supply, the whole integrated circuit dissipates 6.72 mW (4.05 mW for the VCO and 2.67 mW for the two ILFDs). The total tuning range frequency is about 500 MHz (from 5.54 GHz to 6.04 GHz) when the tuning voltage V_tune ranges from 0 V to 1.8 V. At around the output frequency of 5.77 GHz (at V_tune = 0.5 V), the measured phase noise of this local oscillator is -119.4 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset frequency. This work satisfies the specification requirement for IEEE 802.11a UNII-3 band application. The corresponding figure-of-merit (FOM) calculated is 186.3 dB.
ER -