Clipping-Free Halftoning and Multitoning Using the Direct Binary Search

Xia ZHUGE; Koji NAKANO

doi:10.1587/transfun.E92.A.1192

Clipping-Free Halftoning and Multitoning Using the Direct Binary Search

Xia ZHUGE, Koji NAKANO

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Halftoning is an important process to convert a gray scale image into a binary image with black and white pixels. The Direct Binary Search (DBS) is one of the well-known halftoning methods that can generate high quality binary images for middle tone of original gray scale images. However, binary images generated by the DBS have clippings, that is, have no tone in highlights and shadows of original gray scale images. The first contribution of this paper is to show the reason why the DBS generates binary images with clippings, to clarify the range of tone in original images that may have clipping, and to present a clipping-free DBS-based halftoning algorithm. The key idea is to apply the ordered dither using a threshold array generated by DBS-based method, to highlights and shadows, and then use the DBS. The second contribution is to extend the DBS to generate L-level multitone images with each pixel taking one of the intensity levels , , ..., . However, clippings appear in highlights, middle tone, and shadows of generated L-level multitone images. The third contribution of this paper is to modify the multitone version of the DBS to generate a clipping-free L-level multitone images. The resulting multitone images are so good that they reproduce the tones and the details of the original gray scale images very well.

Publication: IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals Vol.E92-A No.4 pp.1192-1201

Publication Date: 2009/04/01

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Online ISSN: 1745-1337

DOI: 10.1587/transfun.E92.A.1192

Type of Manuscript: PAPER

Category: Image

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Xia ZHUGE, Koji NAKANO, "Clipping-Free Halftoning and Multitoning Using the Direct Binary Search" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals, vol. E92-A, no. 4, pp. 1192-1201, April 2009, doi: 10.1587/transfun.E92.A.1192.
Abstract: Halftoning is an important process to convert a gray scale image into a binary image with black and white pixels. The Direct Binary Search (DBS) is one of the well-known halftoning methods that can generate high quality binary images for middle tone of original gray scale images. However, binary images generated by the DBS have clippings, that is, have no tone in highlights and shadows of original gray scale images. The first contribution of this paper is to show the reason why the DBS generates binary images with clippings, to clarify the range of tone in original images that may have clipping, and to present a clipping-free DBS-based halftoning algorithm. The key idea is to apply the ordered dither using a threshold array generated by DBS-based method, to highlights and shadows, and then use the DBS. The second contribution is to extend the DBS to generate L-level multitone images with each pixel taking one of the intensity levels , , ..., . However, clippings appear in highlights, middle tone, and shadows of generated L-level multitone images. The third contribution of this paper is to modify the multitone version of the DBS to generate a clipping-free L-level multitone images. The resulting multitone images are so good that they reproduce the tones and the details of the original gray scale images very well.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/fundamentals/10.1587/transfun.E92.A.1192/_p

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@ARTICLE{e92-a_4_1192,
author={Xia ZHUGE, Koji NAKANO, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals},
title={Clipping-Free Halftoning and Multitoning Using the Direct Binary Search},
year={2009},
volume={E92-A},
number={4},
pages={1192-1201},
abstract={Halftoning is an important process to convert a gray scale image into a binary image with black and white pixels. The Direct Binary Search (DBS) is one of the well-known halftoning methods that can generate high quality binary images for middle tone of original gray scale images. However, binary images generated by the DBS have clippings, that is, have no tone in highlights and shadows of original gray scale images. The first contribution of this paper is to show the reason why the DBS generates binary images with clippings, to clarify the range of tone in original images that may have clipping, and to present a clipping-free DBS-based halftoning algorithm. The key idea is to apply the ordered dither using a threshold array generated by DBS-based method, to highlights and shadows, and then use the DBS. The second contribution is to extend the DBS to generate L-level multitone images with each pixel taking one of the intensity levels , , ..., . However, clippings appear in highlights, middle tone, and shadows of generated L-level multitone images. The third contribution of this paper is to modify the multitone version of the DBS to generate a clipping-free L-level multitone images. The resulting multitone images are so good that they reproduce the tones and the details of the original gray scale images very well.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transfun.E92.A.1192},
ISSN={1745-1337},
month={April},}

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TY - JOUR
TI - Clipping-Free Halftoning and Multitoning Using the Direct Binary Search
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SP - 1192
EP - 1201
AU - Xia ZHUGE
AU - Koji NAKANO
PY - 2009
DO - 10.1587/transfun.E92.A.1192
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SN - 1745-1337
VL - E92-A
IS - 4
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
Y1 - April 2009
AB - Halftoning is an important process to convert a gray scale image into a binary image with black and white pixels. The Direct Binary Search (DBS) is one of the well-known halftoning methods that can generate high quality binary images for middle tone of original gray scale images. However, binary images generated by the DBS have clippings, that is, have no tone in highlights and shadows of original gray scale images. The first contribution of this paper is to show the reason why the DBS generates binary images with clippings, to clarify the range of tone in original images that may have clipping, and to present a clipping-free DBS-based halftoning algorithm. The key idea is to apply the ordered dither using a threshold array generated by DBS-based method, to highlights and shadows, and then use the DBS. The second contribution is to extend the DBS to generate L-level multitone images with each pixel taking one of the intensity levels , , ..., . However, clippings appear in highlights, middle tone, and shadows of generated L-level multitone images. The third contribution of this paper is to modify the multitone version of the DBS to generate a clipping-free L-level multitone images. The resulting multitone images are so good that they reproduce the tones and the details of the original gray scale images very well.
ER -