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[Author] Gao ZHANG(2hit)

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  • The Efficiency of Various Multimodal Input Interfaces Evaluated in Two Empirical Studies

    Xiangshi REN  Gao ZHANG  Guozhong DAI  

     
    PAPER-Welfare Engineering

      Vol:
    E84-D No:10
      Page(s):
    1421-1426

    Although research into multimodal interfaces has been around for a long time, we believe that some basic issues have not been studied yet, e.g. the choice of modalities and their combinations is usually made without any quantitative evaluation. This study seeks to identify the best combinations of modalities through usability testing. How do users choose different interaction modes when they work on a particular application? Two experimental evaluations were conducted to compare interaction modes on a CAD system and a map system respectively. For the CAD system, the results show that, in terms of total manipulation time (drawing and modification time) and subjective preferences, the "pen + speech + mouse" combination was the best of the seven interaction modes tested. On the map system, the results show that the "pen + speech" combination mode is the best of fourteen interaction modes tested. The experiments also provide information on how users adapt to each interaction mode and the ease with which they are able to use these modes.

  • Analysis of Connector Contact Failure

    Ji-Gao ZHANG  Jin-Chun GAO  Xue-Yan LIN  

     
    PAPER-Devices

      Vol:
    E86-C No:6
      Page(s):
    945-952

    Large number of electronic connectors are widely used in various electronic and telecommunication systems. No matter whether it is optical telecommunications or mobile phone systems, connectors are important links for electronics. Unfortunately connector contacts are exposed in air, they are different from any other electronic components, the contacts are greatly influenced by the environment where they operate. In China, dust and corrosion products are the main contaminants to cause contact failure. Evidently the failed contacts seriously deteriorate the reliability of electronic and telecommunication systems. This paper summarizes the recent achievements obtained by our Lab on the effect of dust and corrosion products to the connector contact failure. Since dust contamination is a very complex problem which is not only popular in China, but also happened in many countries. Continuous studies will be very useful to improve the contact reliability of connectors, setting up new and effective testing methods and standards, building up experimental and computer simulation systems.