A novel geometrically invariant watermarking scheme based on gravity center is presented which treating the geometrically invariant gravity centers of host image and its supplement image as reference points. Thus watermark synchronization is obtained. Simulation results show the effectiveness of our scheme to the geometrical distortion including rotation and/or scaling.

In this letter, a novel wavelet-based semi-fragile watermarking scheme is presented which exploiting the time-frequency feature of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and high sensitivity on initial value of chaotic map. We also analyze the robustness to mild modification and fragility to malicious attack of our scheme. Its application includes tamper detection, image verification and copyright protection of multimedia content. Simulation results show the scheme can detect and localize malicious attacks with high peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), while tolerating certain degree of JPEG compression and channel additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN).

A new quadruple watermarking scheme of digital images against geometrical attacks is proposed in this letter. We treat the center and the four vertexes of the original image as the reference points and embed the same quadruple watermarks by means of polar coordinates, which is geometrically invariant. The center of an image is assumed to not to be removed after rotating, scaling and local distortions according to the general practical image processing. In the watermark extraction process, the vertexes of the image are found by a searching method. Thus watermark synchronization is obtained. Experimental results show that the scheme is robust to the geometrical distortions including rotation, scaling, cropping and local distortions.