A method which uses the moving time and the over travel time of contact to discover the characteristics of contact and the reliability of aerospace relay is proposed. The Gauss-Newton method and its improved form (Macalto method) are used to identify the nonlinear mathematical model of the parameter during armature initial moving period, which is from the coil is energized at a rated voltage to the moment the armature begins to move. The validity of the method is verified by results of actual experiments and analysis.

At present, during the design of sealed electromagnetic relay, the tolerances of design parameters are given with experience. The designer can't provide quantificational reliability index, and the blindness of tolerance distribution also causes unnecessary increase of machining cost. According to the study of electromagnetic force and spring force characteristics of a certain sealed electromagnetic relay with polarized magnetic system, this paper analyzed the influence of main design parameters' tolerances to the tolerance bands of electromagnetic force and spring force characteristics and achieved the strong correlative factors (viz. design parameters) that have obvious effect on tolerance bands of electromagnetic force and spring force characteristics. Then based on the calculation of reliability, the tolerance distribution method of key design parameters was given. This method not only can make the designed product satisfy requirement of reliability, but also reduce the machining cost.

Visual Question Answering (VQA) usually uses deep attention mechanisms to learn fine-grained visual content of images and textual content of questions. However, the deep attention mechanism can only learn high-level semantic information while ignoring the impact of the low-level semantic information on answer prediction. For such, we design a High- and Low-Level Semantic Information Network (HLSIN), which employs two strategies to achieve the fusion of high-level semantic information and low-level semantic information. Adaptive weight learning is taken as the first strategy to allow different levels of semantic information to learn weights separately. The gate-sum mechanism is used as the second to suppress invalid information in various levels of information and fuse valid information. On the benchmark VQA-v2 dataset, we quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate HLSIN and conduct extensive ablation studies to explore the reasons behind HLSIN's effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrate that HLSIN significantly outperforms the previous state-of-the-art, with an overall accuracy of 70.93% on test-dev.

The reliability of electromagnetic relay (EMR) which contains a permanent magnet (PM) can be improved by a robust design method. In this parameter design process, the calculation of electromagnetic system is very important. In analytical calculation, PM is often equivalent to a lumped parameter model of one magnetic resistance and one magnetic potential, but significant error is often caused; in order to increase the accuracy, a distributed parameter calculation model (DPM) of PM bar is established; solution procedure as well as verification condition of this model is given; by a case study of the single PM bar, magnetic field lines division method is adopted to build the DPM, the starting point and section magnetic flux of each segment are solved, a comparison is made with finite element method (FEM) and measured data; the accuracy of this magnetic field line based distributed parameter model (MFDPM) in PM bar is verified; this model is applied to the electromagnetic system of a certain type EMR, electromagnetic system calculation model is established based on MFDPM, and the static force is calculated under different rotation angles; compared with traditional lumped parameter model and FEM, it proves to be of acceptable calculation accuracy and high calculation speed which fit the requirement of robust design.

An electromagnetic relay (EMR) is widely used in automatic control field, and its dynamic characteristics play a significant role in EMR researches. According to structural features of the EMR, a dynamic characteristics testing and analyzing system (DCTAS) based on CCD digital image processing technique is designed and implemented. By using the DCTAS, the dynamic characteristics (include displacement, velocity, acceleration and force characteristics) of EMR whose operating time is less than 12 ms and armature travel is less than 10 mm can be investigated. The comparison of testing data obtained by the DCTAS and that of by a high speed camera indicates the validity of the system to EMR dynamic characteristics testing.