This work investigates the cell range expansion (CRE) possible with time-domain multiplexing inter-cell interference coordination (TDM ICIC) in heterogeneous cellular networks (HCN). CRE is proposed to enable a user to connect to a picocell even when it is not the cell with the strongest received power. However, the users in the expanded region suffer severe interference from the macrocells. To alleviate the cross-tier interference, TDM ICIC is proposed to improve the SIR of pico users. In contrast to previous studies on CRE with TDM ICIC, which rely mostly on simulations, we give theoretical analysis results for different types of users in HCN with CRE and TDM ICIC under the Poisson Point Process (PPP) model, especially for the users in the expanded region of picocells. We analyze the outage probability and average ergodic rate based on the connect probability and statistical distance we obtain in advance. Furthermore, we analyze the optimal ratio of almost blank subframes (ABS) and bias factor of picocells in terms of the network fairness, which is useful in the parameter design of a two-tier HCN.

Mobility load balancing (MLB) is a key technology for self-organization networks (SONs). In this paper, we explore the mobility load balancing problem and propose a unified cell specific offset adjusting algorithm (UCSOA) which more accurately adjusts the largely uneven load between neighboring cells and is easily implemented in practice with low computing complexity and signal overhead. Moreover, we evaluate the UCSOA algorithm in two different traffic conditions and prove that the UCSOA algorithm can get the lower call blocking rates and handover failure rates. Furthermore, the interdependency of the proposed UCSOA algorithm's performance and that of the inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) algorithm is explored. A self-organization soft frequency reuse scheme is proposed. It demonstrates UCSOA algorithm and ICIC algorithm can obtain a positive effect for each other and improve the network performance in LTE system.

The capacity of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output networks (MIMO) is seriously degraded by interference. Many solutions have been given to overcome this problem, such as network MIMO and maximum signal to leakage plus noise ratio (max-SLNR). In this letter, a downlink distributed precoding method is proposed to nullify the intra-cell interference and mitigate the negative effect on other cell users. This method can keep the merits of network MIMO and max-SLNR while overcoming their shortcomings. Numerical results show that the proposed precoding method outperforms Block Diagonalization (BD), max-SLNR and Block Diagonalization with Other Cell Interference (BD-OCI).

Web Service Composition (WSC) has been well recognized as a convenient and flexible way of service sharing and integration in service-oriented application fields. WSC aims at selecting and composing a set of initial services with respect to the Quality of Service (QoS) values of their attributes (e.g., price), in order to complete a complex task and meet user requirements. A major research challenge of the QoS-aware WSC problem is to select a proper set of services to maximize the QoS of the composite service meeting several QoS constraints upon various attributes, e.g. total price or runtime. In this article, a fast algorithm based on QoS-aware sampling (FAQS) is proposed, which can efficiently find the near-optimal composition result from sampled services. FAQS consists of five steps as follows. 1) QoS normalization is performed to unify different metrics for QoS attributes. 2) The normalized services are sampled and categorized by guaranteeing similar number of services in each class. 3) The frequencies of the sampled services are calculated to guarantee the composed services are the most frequent ones. This process ensures that the sampled services cover as many as possible initial services. 4) The sampled services are composed by solving a linear programming problem. 5) The initial composition results are further optimized by solving a modified multi-choice multi-dimensional knapsack problem (MMKP). Experimental results indicate that FAQS is much faster than existing algorithms and could obtain stable near-optimal result.

In-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance (IQI) at transceivers is one of the serious hardware impairments degrading system performance. In this paper, we study the overall performance of massive multi-user multi-input multi-output (MU-MIMO) systems with IQI at both the base station (BS) and user equipments (UEs), including the estimation of channel state information, required at the BS for the precoding design. We also adopt a widely-linear precoding based on the real-valued channel model to make better use of the image components of the received signal created by IQI. Of particular importance, we propose estimators of the real-valued channel and derive the closed-form expression of the achievable downlink rate. Both the analytical and simulation results show that IQI at the UEs limits the dowlink rate to finite ceilings even when an infinite number of BS antennas is available, and the results also prove that the widely-linear precoding based on the proposed channel estimation method can improve the overall performance of massive MU-MIMO systems with IQI.