This paper proposes a secure distributed transmission method that establishes multiple transmission routes in space to a destination. In the method, the transmitted information is divided into pieces of information by a secret-sharing method, and the generated pieces are separately transmitted to the destination through different transmission routes using individually-controlled antenna directivities. As the secret-sharing method can divide the transmitted information into pieces in such a manner that nothing about the original information is revealed unless all the divided pieces are obtained, the secrecy of the transmitted information is greatly improved from an information-theoretic basis. However, one problem is that it does not perform well in the vicinity around the receiver. This is due to the characteristics of distributed transmission that all distributed pieces of information must eventually gather at the destination; an eavesdropper can obtain the necessary pieces to reconstruct the original information. Then, this paper expands the distributed transmission method into a two-way communication scheme. By adopting the distributed transmission in both communication directions, a secure link can be provided as a feedback channel to enhance the secrecy of the transmitted information. The generation of the shared pieces of information is given with signal forms, and the secrecy of the proposed method is evaluated based on the signal transmission error rates as determined by computer simulation.

This paper proposes block-wise resource block (RB)-level distributed OFDMA transmission with ND-block division in order to obtain the frequency diversity effect even for low-rate traffic (here ND indicates the number of virtual RBs within one physical RB) in Evolved UTRA downlink. More specifically, we propose a constraint rule such that distributed transmission is multiplexed into a different physical RB from that of localized transmission in order to achieve the same resource assignment and independent decoding between the distributed and localized transmissions. Based on the proposed rule, a virtual RB for distributed transmission is segmented into ND blocks with the size of 1/ND of the original virtual RB. Then, the ND virtual blocks with the size of 1/ND are mapped together into each ND physical RB in a distributed manner, resulting in a large frequency diversity effect. Numerical calculations show that the block-wise RB-level distributed transmission can reduce the number of control signaling bits required for resource assignment compared to the subcarrier-level distributed transmission scheme, which provides the best performance. Moreover, a system-level simulation shows that the loss in the cell throughput employing the block-wise RB-level distributed transmission compared to that using the subcarrier-level transmission is only within 3-4% when the channel load is 0.5 and 1.0, i.e., the maximum loss is 3-4% at approximately 90% in the cumulative distribution function (CDF).

This paper focuses on the design and the performance evaluation of a p-persistent transmission control protocol that can enhance the IEEE 802.11 MAC, namely the p-persistent IEEE 802.11 DCF. Unlike the well-known p-persistent CSMA for modeling the legacy IEEE 802.11 MAC, the proposed protocol truly exploits the p-persistent transmission capability for this MAC. Moreover, the protocol is not restricted to IEEE 802.11 and, in fact, it can be executed on the top of a pre-existent access protocol without introducing additional overhead. When considered with WLAN, this protocol can optimize the throughput of the wireless network by setting the optimal transmission probability in the IEEE 802.11 MAC according to the throughput calculation given in this paper. The key characteristics of this protocol are represented by its simplicity, integration with the Standard, complete distribution, absence of modifications to the original IEEE 802.11 MAC frame format, and no requirement of extra messages being shared by the cooperating nodes. Analysis and simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the p-persistent protocol in achieving the optimal throughput and in improving the frame delay. In addition, the protocol can be easily extended to be a distributed priority mechanism, which requires further research.

We propose a new orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission scheme using orthogonal code multiplexing. This scheme makes all modulation symbols have the same reliability even in a frequency selective fading channel, through a distributed transmission of each symbol over the whole effective subcarriers using a distinct orthogonal code. As an appropriate set of orthogonal multiplexing codes, we use the set of discrete Fourier transform code sequences that hold the orthogonality irrespective of the length. Using this set, we also can greatly reduce the peak-to-average-power ratio (PAR) of the resulting signal. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly reduce the required signal-to-noise ratio at a given bit error rate over the existing schemes. The scheme can maintain the PAR within a reasonable range of about 6 dB even up to 512 subcarriers and works well even with PAR clipping of 1.5 dB.