Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) is designed not only to avoid tunneling overhead over the air but also to manage the mobility of hosts that are not equipped with any mobility management software. However, PMIPv6 leads to increasing signaling cost as mobile nodes move frequently because the protocol is based on the global mobility management protocol. In this letter we propose Localized PMIPv6 with Route Optimization (LPMIPv6-RO). Our numerical analysis shows that the proposed scheme outperforms previously proposed mobility protocols in terms of both signaling and packet delivery cost.

Next-generation wireless/mobile networks will be IP-based cellular networks integrating Internet with the existing cellular networks. Recently, Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) was proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for efficient mobility management. HMIPv6 reduces the amount of signaling and improves the performance of MIPv6 in terms of handoff latency. Although HMIPv6 is an efficient scheme, the performance of wireless networks is highly dependent on various system parameters such as user mobility model, packet arrival pattern, etc. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the network performance when HMIPv6 is deployed in IP-based cellular networks. In this paper, we develop two analytic models for the performance analysis of HMIPv6 in IP-based cellular networks, which are based on the random-walk and the fluid-flow models. Based on these analytic models, we formulate the location update cost and the packet delivery cost. Then, we analyze the impact of cell residence time and user population on the location update cost and the packet delivery cost, respectively. In addition, we study the variation of the total cost as the session-to-mobility ratio is changed and the optimal MAP domain size to minimize the total cost is also investigated.