Location information is essential to varieties of applications. It is one of the most important context to be detected by wireless distributed sensors, which is a key technology in Internet-of-Things. Fingerprint-based methods, which compare location unique fingerprints collected beforehand with the fingerprint measured from the target, have attracted much attention recently in both of academia and industry. They have been successfully used for many location-based applications. From the viewpoint of practical applications, in this paper, four different typical approaches of fingerprint-based radio emitter localization system are introduced with four different representative applications: localization of LTE smart phone used for anti-cheating in exams, indoor localization of Wi-Fi terminals, localized light control in BEMS using location information of occupants, and illegal radio localization in outdoor environments. Based on the different practical application scenarios, different solutions, which are designed to enhance the localization performance, are discussed in detail. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper to give a guideline for readers about fingerprint-based localization system in terms of fingerprint selection, hardware architecture design and algorithm enhancement.

Limitations are found in the recent Internet because a lot of functions and protocols are patched to the original suite of layered protocols without considering global optimization. This reveals that end-to-end argument in the original Internet was neither sufficient for the current societal network and nor for a sustainable network of the future. In this position paper, we present design guidelines for a future network, which we call the New Generation Network, which provides the inclusion of diverse human requirements, reliable connection between the real-world and virtual network space, and promotion of social potentiality for human emergence. The guidelines consist of the crystal synthesis, the reality connection, and the sustainable & evolutional guidelines.

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is attracting a lot of attentions due to its extremely small feature sizes and ultra low power consumption. Up to now several designs using QCA technology have been proposed. However, we found not all of the designs function properly. Further, no general design guidelines have been proposed so far. A straightforward extension of a simple functional design pattern may fail. This makes designing a large scale circuits using QCA technology an extremely time-consuming process. In this paper we show several critical vulnerabilities in the structures of primitive QCA gates and QCA interconnects, and propose a disciplinary guideline to prevent any additional plausible but malfunctioning QCA designs.

Guideline effects on the movement accuracy in virtual torus spaces with various guidelines are investigated by means of moving deviations from an indicated path. Guidelines with various widths are set at the center or the sides (upper, lower, left and right) in virtual torus spaces. Participants travel at a constant velocity in full-sized virtual torus spaces for various guideline conditions. It is shown that there exists a tendency that moving deviations from the indicated path are more reduced as the guideline width becomes narrower and the movement accuracy is improved. For example, in the case of side guidelines with the width of 10 cm or less, the mean value of moving deviations is approximately reduced to half of that with no guidelines. By setting side guidelines, the value of the standard deviation of moving deviations is approximately reduced to 2/3 of that with no guidelines.

This paper surveys the researches on biological and electeromagnetic environments in RF (radio frequency) and microwave regions in Japan. Publicized research reports on biological objectives, evaluation of exposure rate, electromagnetic environments and guideline for the protection from radio wave nuisances are briefly introduced. Some researches on the evaluation of the exposure rate caused by the near field effect of portable radio transceiver are reviewed. Radio frequency exposer protection guidelines in Japan are also described.