A Digital TRNG Based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators

Lijuan LI; Shuguo LI

doi:10.1587/transfun.E97.A.284

A Digital TRNG Based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators

Lijuan LI, Shuguo LI

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In this paper, a new digital true random number generator based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators (CFRO) is proposed. The random sources of CFRO lie in delay variations (jitter), unpredictable transition behaviors as well as metastability. The CFRO is proved to be truly random by restarting from the same initial states. Compared with the so-called Fibonacci Ring Oscillator (FIRO) and Galois Ring Oscillator (GARO), the CFRO needs less than half of their time to accumulate relatively high entropy and enable extraction of one random bit. Only a simple XOR corrector is used to reduce the bias of output sequences. TRNG based on CFRO can be run continuously at a constant high speed of 150Mbps. For higher security, the TRNG can be set in stateless mode at a cost of slower speed of 10Mbps. The total logical resources used are relatively small and no special placement and routing is needed. The TRNG both in continuous mode and in stateless mode can pass the NIST tests and the DIEHARD tests.

Publication: IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals Vol.E97-A No.1 pp.284-291

Publication Date: 2014/01/01

Publicized

Online ISSN: 1745-1337

DOI: 10.1587/transfun.E97.A.284

Type of Manuscript: Special Section PAPER (Special Section on Cryptography and Information Security)

Category: Hardware Based Security

Authors

Lijuan LI
Tsinghua University
Shuguo LI
Tsinghua University

Keyword

digital TRNG, FPGA, stateless, metastability, chaos

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Lijuan LI, Shuguo LI, "A Digital TRNG Based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals, vol. E97-A, no. 1, pp. 284-291, January 2014, doi: 10.1587/transfun.E97.A.284.
Abstract: In this paper, a new digital true random number generator based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators (CFRO) is proposed. The random sources of CFRO lie in delay variations (jitter), unpredictable transition behaviors as well as metastability. The CFRO is proved to be truly random by restarting from the same initial states. Compared with the so-called Fibonacci Ring Oscillator (FIRO) and Galois Ring Oscillator (GARO), the CFRO needs less than half of their time to accumulate relatively high entropy and enable extraction of one random bit. Only a simple XOR corrector is used to reduce the bias of output sequences. TRNG based on CFRO can be run continuously at a constant high speed of 150Mbps. For higher security, the TRNG can be set in stateless mode at a cost of slower speed of 10Mbps. The total logical resources used are relatively small and no special placement and routing is needed. The TRNG both in continuous mode and in stateless mode can pass the NIST tests and the DIEHARD tests.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/fundamentals/10.1587/transfun.E97.A.284/_p

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@ARTICLE{e97-a_1_284,
author={Lijuan LI, Shuguo LI, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals},
title={A Digital TRNG Based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators},
year={2014},
volume={E97-A},
number={1},
pages={284-291},
abstract={In this paper, a new digital true random number generator based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators (CFRO) is proposed. The random sources of CFRO lie in delay variations (jitter), unpredictable transition behaviors as well as metastability. The CFRO is proved to be truly random by restarting from the same initial states. Compared with the so-called Fibonacci Ring Oscillator (FIRO) and Galois Ring Oscillator (GARO), the CFRO needs less than half of their time to accumulate relatively high entropy and enable extraction of one random bit. Only a simple XOR corrector is used to reduce the bias of output sequences. TRNG based on CFRO can be run continuously at a constant high speed of 150Mbps. For higher security, the TRNG can be set in stateless mode at a cost of slower speed of 10Mbps. The total logical resources used are relatively small and no special placement and routing is needed. The TRNG both in continuous mode and in stateless mode can pass the NIST tests and the DIEHARD tests.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transfun.E97.A.284},
ISSN={1745-1337},
month={January},}

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TY - JOUR
TI - A Digital TRNG Based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SP - 284
EP - 291
AU - Lijuan LI
AU - Shuguo LI
PY - 2014
DO - 10.1587/transfun.E97.A.284
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SN - 1745-1337
VL - E97-A
IS - 1
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
Y1 - January 2014
AB - In this paper, a new digital true random number generator based on Cross Feedback Ring Oscillators (CFRO) is proposed. The random sources of CFRO lie in delay variations (jitter), unpredictable transition behaviors as well as metastability. The CFRO is proved to be truly random by restarting from the same initial states. Compared with the so-called Fibonacci Ring Oscillator (FIRO) and Galois Ring Oscillator (GARO), the CFRO needs less than half of their time to accumulate relatively high entropy and enable extraction of one random bit. Only a simple XOR corrector is used to reduce the bias of output sequences. TRNG based on CFRO can be run continuously at a constant high speed of 150Mbps. For higher security, the TRNG can be set in stateless mode at a cost of slower speed of 10Mbps. The total logical resources used are relatively small and no special placement and routing is needed. The TRNG both in continuous mode and in stateless mode can pass the NIST tests and the DIEHARD tests.
ER -