A modularized, low-cost, and non-invasive electrochemical examination platform is proposed in this work. Melatonin has been found to be a possible significant indicator molecule in the detection of breast cancer. 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and nuclear matrix protein 22 can be used as a significant index for potential bladder cancer risks. The proposed system was verified by measuring the melatonin, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and nuclear matrix protein 22. Cyclic voltammetry and molecularly imprinted polymers were used in the experiments. Screen-printed electrodes were coated with a film imprinted with target molecules. The measurement results of the proposed system were compared with those of a commercial potentiostat. The two sets of results were very similar. Moreover, the proposed system can be expanded to a four-channel system, which can perform four measurements simultaneously. The proposed system also provides convenient graphical user interface for real-time monitoring and records the information of the redox reactions.

An RGB-LED driver with a pulse-skipping-modulation boost converter is proposed to fix the reference voltage for lowering down the circuit complexity. A high-voltage LDO and a bandgap reference circuit are built into the chip. The proposed converter outputs a different voltage in response to a different color of LEDs. The output voltages for driving six red, six green, and six blue LEDs in series are 13.5V, 20V, and 21.5V, respectively. The proposed LDO and bandgap reference circuit work with supply voltages from 8V to 12V. The settling time for changing colors is lower than 300µs, better than the unfixed-reference-voltage methods. The proposed circuit was fabricated by using 0.25-µm BCD 60V technology, and the chip area was 1.9 × 1.7mm2.

For battery-powered electronic products, one way to extend battery life is to use a versatile step-up/step-down DC-DC converter. A new versatile step-up/step-down switched-capacitor-based converter structure is proposed, and its efficiency is analyzed. In the step-down case, the efficiency is the same as, or even better than the efficiency of linear regulators.