This paper describes two digital correction algorithms for ADC nonlinearity, targeted for mixed-signal LSI tester applications: an interpolation algorithm and a stochastic algorithm. Numerical simulations show that our algorithms compensate for ADC nonlinearity as well as missing codes and nonmonotonicity characteristics, and improve ADC SNDR and SFDR.

When paramecia are exposed to a.c. electric field of appropriate strength, the cells show following characteristic behavior in hay infusion with increasing the frequency; (1) the cells repeat going and returning parallel to the lines of the electric field until the frequency reaches about 1 Hz. (2) the cells perform circular movement with their peristome to direct toward the outside of the circle between 1 Hz to 5 Hz and then (3) do rotational movement between about 5 Hz to 500 Hz. As the frequency of the supplied electric field is increased, (4) the cells become swimming perpendicular to the lines of electric field. Beyond the frequency of 2 kHz, (5) the cells swim freely as if the electric field was not supplied. Cell motility of paramecia under d.c. electric field is also examined. On the base of the results obtained, excitability of the cells exposed to the electric field is discussed.