In this paper, a new tracking method for Code Shift Keying Spread Spectrum (CSK/SS) is proposed. In the CSK/SS systems, since the transmitted sequences vary at every frame, synchronization is difficult. In the proposed method, a pair consists of the Manchester-coded PN sequence and the non-Manchester-coded PN sequence as the synchronizing sequence. The cross-correlation characteristic of the pair is used instead of the S-curve of delay lock loop (DLL). The receiver can track the signal timing by using the characteristic. The proposed method is applied to the external synchronization system whose structure is simple. The following performance in channel with the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) is analyzed and evaluated; (1) the tracking error (jitter) performance and (2) the bit error rate (BER) performance that takes the jitter into account. As a result, the jitter of the proposed system is better than those of the conventional DLL systems as Eb/N0 increases. The jitter of the proposed system has less degradation than those of the conventional systems, even if the number of users increases. Moreover, BER of the proposed system is similar to that of the 1Δ-DLL system and superior to that of the 2Δ-DLL system.

A narrowband interference in direct sequence spread spectrum communication systems also affects the characteristics of a delay lock loop. In this paper, the delay errors of a baseband delay lock loop (DLL) in the presence of the interference which consists of a narrowband Gaussian noise and several tones are examined, and when a filter is used to reject the interference, the characteristics of the DLL are analyzed using the Fourier method. Furthermore, from the calculation results of the delay error in case where a prediction error filter with two-sided taps is used as the rejection filter, it is shown that the filter is necessary to keep the DLL in the lock-on state.

In this paper we present a new tracking scheme using two tracking modes which are based on the concept of Delay Lock Loop (DLL). Under the multipath fading channels, a conventional DLL has problems of jitter performance degradation, lock-off and delay offset. It is necessary to solve these problems, because mobile communications have increased drastically. We propose the combination of a coarse tracking mode and a fine tracking mode. The former mode is employed for reducing the possibility of losing lock, the latter mode is used for suppressing the jitter of delay error and the delay offset in the presence of multipath fading. The both modes utilize the power of delay paths shown in the auto-correlation function of the received signal at the DLL. Computer simulation results show that our proposed scheme is extremely useful comparing with a conventional scheme over the multipath fading channels.