IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
A Single-Inverter-Based True Random Number Generator with On-Chip Clock-Tuning-Based Entropy Calibration Circuit
Summary :
This paper introduces an inverter-based true random number generator (I-TRNG). It uses a single CMOS inverter to amplify thermal noise multiple times. An adaptive calibration mechanism based on clock tuning provides robust operation across a wide range of supply voltage 0.5∼1.1V and temperature -40∼140°C. An 8-bit Von-Neumann post-processing circuit (VN8W) is implemented for maximum raw entropy extraction. In a 130nm CMOS technology, the I-TRNG entropy source only occupies 635μm2 and consumes 0.016pJ/raw-bit at 0.6V. The I-TRNG occupies 13406μm2, including the entropy source, adaptive calibration circuit, and post-processing circuit. The minimum energy consumption of the I-TRNG is 1.38pJ/bit at 0.5V, while passing all NIST 800-22 and 800-90B tests. Moreover, an equivalent 15-year life at 0.7V, 25°C is confirmed by an accelerated NBTI aging test.
- Publication
- IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals Vol.E107-A No.1 pp.105-113
- Publication Date
- 2024/01/01
- Publicized
- 2023/07/21
- Online ISSN
- 1745-1337
- DOI
- 10.1587/transfun.2023KEP0011
- Type of Manuscript
- Special Section PAPER (Special Section on Circuits and Systems)
- Category
Authors
Xingyu WANG
Waseda University
Ruilin ZHANG
Waseda University
Hirofumi SHINOHARA
Waseda University
Keyword
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Xingyu WANG, Ruilin ZHANG, Hirofumi SHINOHARA, "A Single-Inverter-Based True Random Number Generator with On-Chip Clock-Tuning-Based Entropy Calibration Circuit" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals,
vol. E107-A, no. 1, pp. 105-113, January 2024, doi: 10.1587/transfun.2023KEP0011.
Abstract: This paper introduces an inverter-based true random number generator (I-TRNG). It uses a single CMOS inverter to amplify thermal noise multiple times. An adaptive calibration mechanism based on clock tuning provides robust operation across a wide range of supply voltage 0.5∼1.1V and temperature -40∼140°C. An 8-bit Von-Neumann post-processing circuit (VN8W) is implemented for maximum raw entropy extraction. In a 130nm CMOS technology, the I-TRNG entropy source only occupies 635μm2 and consumes 0.016pJ/raw-bit at 0.6V. The I-TRNG occupies 13406μm2, including the entropy source, adaptive calibration circuit, and post-processing circuit. The minimum energy consumption of the I-TRNG is 1.38pJ/bit at 0.5V, while passing all NIST 800-22 and 800-90B tests. Moreover, an equivalent 15-year life at 0.7V, 25°C is confirmed by an accelerated NBTI aging test.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/fundamentals/10.1587/transfun.2023KEP0011/_p
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@ARTICLE{e107-a_1_105,
author={Xingyu WANG, Ruilin ZHANG, Hirofumi SHINOHARA, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals},
title={A Single-Inverter-Based True Random Number Generator with On-Chip Clock-Tuning-Based Entropy Calibration Circuit},
year={2024},
volume={E107-A},
number={1},
pages={105-113},
abstract={This paper introduces an inverter-based true random number generator (I-TRNG). It uses a single CMOS inverter to amplify thermal noise multiple times. An adaptive calibration mechanism based on clock tuning provides robust operation across a wide range of supply voltage 0.5∼1.1V and temperature -40∼140°C. An 8-bit Von-Neumann post-processing circuit (VN8W) is implemented for maximum raw entropy extraction. In a 130nm CMOS technology, the I-TRNG entropy source only occupies 635μm2 and consumes 0.016pJ/raw-bit at 0.6V. The I-TRNG occupies 13406μm2, including the entropy source, adaptive calibration circuit, and post-processing circuit. The minimum energy consumption of the I-TRNG is 1.38pJ/bit at 0.5V, while passing all NIST 800-22 and 800-90B tests. Moreover, an equivalent 15-year life at 0.7V, 25°C is confirmed by an accelerated NBTI aging test.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transfun.2023KEP0011},
ISSN={1745-1337},
month={January},}
Copy
TY - JOUR
TI - A Single-Inverter-Based True Random Number Generator with On-Chip Clock-Tuning-Based Entropy Calibration Circuit
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SP - 105
EP - 113
AU - Xingyu WANG
AU - Ruilin ZHANG
AU - Hirofumi SHINOHARA
PY - 2024
DO - 10.1587/transfun.2023KEP0011
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SN - 1745-1337
VL - E107-A
IS - 1
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
Y1 - January 2024
AB - This paper introduces an inverter-based true random number generator (I-TRNG). It uses a single CMOS inverter to amplify thermal noise multiple times. An adaptive calibration mechanism based on clock tuning provides robust operation across a wide range of supply voltage 0.5∼1.1V and temperature -40∼140°C. An 8-bit Von-Neumann post-processing circuit (VN8W) is implemented for maximum raw entropy extraction. In a 130nm CMOS technology, the I-TRNG entropy source only occupies 635μm2 and consumes 0.016pJ/raw-bit at 0.6V. The I-TRNG occupies 13406μm2, including the entropy source, adaptive calibration circuit, and post-processing circuit. The minimum energy consumption of the I-TRNG is 1.38pJ/bit at 0.5V, while passing all NIST 800-22 and 800-90B tests. Moreover, an equivalent 15-year life at 0.7V, 25°C is confirmed by an accelerated NBTI aging test.
ER -
English
