This paper describes a nondestructive measurement method for complex permittivity of dielectric plates at 2 GHz, using a cylindrical cavity resonator. The resonator is divided into two parts at the center. Two dielectric plates are symmetrically loaded around the center of the cavity. These plates have high permittivity of 45. A dielectric plate specimen is clamped with these halves. The values of relative permittivity ε and loss tangent tanδ of the specimen are obtained from the resonant frequency and unloaded Q-value of TE011 mode. Measured results of various materials are compared with those values obtained at 3 and 10 GHz by other cavity resonator method. An edge effect is taken into account by a reference method, using measurement data of a sapphire plate. The errors of the present method are smaller than 1% and 2-310-5 for ε and tanδ, respectively.

This paper describes a nondestructive measurement method for complex permittivity of dielectric material at pseudo microwave frequencies. The resonator used in this study has a cylindrical cavity filled with a sapphire material of a well known complex permittivity. The resonator is divided into two parts at the center. A dielectric substrate specimen is clamped with these halves. Relative permittivity εand loss tangent tan δ of the specimen are obtained at 3 GHz using the TE011 resonance mode. The accuracy of the present method is evaluated through the comparison of the measured values by the new method with those at around 10 GHz by the conventional empty cavity resonator method. The errors of measurements are smaller than 1% and 1105 for εand tan δ, respectively.

RZ signal transmission in an anomalous region with periodic dispersion compensation is examined by a straight-line experiment in terms of the compensation ratio, the signal power, and the pulse width. The optimum condition enables single-channel 20-Gbit/s RZ signal and two-WDM-channel 20-Gbit/s signals (40-Gbit/s in total) to be transmitted over 5,520 km and 2,160 km, respectively. Numerical simulations with the assistance of a basic theory enables analysis of the experimental results. It is shown that the balance between the waveform distortion and the remaining Gordon-Haus jitter determines the optimum conditions to achieve the longest transmission distance. Excess dispersion compensation results in waveform distortion, while insufficient compensation causes a greater amount of remaining jitter. Moreover, spectrum deformation during propagation is experimentally and numerically clarified to have a large effect on the transmission performance, especially for WDM transmission.

An analog vector quantization processor has been designed based on the neuron-MOS (νMOS) technology. In order to achieve a high integrating density, template information is merged into the matching cell (the absolute value circuitry) using the νMOS ROM technology. A new-architecture νMOS winner-take-all (WTA) circuit is employed for fully-parallel search for the minimum-distance vector. The WTA performs multi-resolution winner search with an automatic feedback gain control. A test chip having 256 16-element fixed template vectors has been built in a 1.5-µm double-polysilicon CMOS technology with the chip size of 7.2 mm 7.2 mm, and the basic operation of the circuits has been demonstrated.

An improved reflection wave method was described for measurement of complex permittivity of low-loss materials over 100MHz-1GHz range. The residual impedance Zr and stray admittance Ys surrounding the test sample, which terminated the transmission line, were evaluated using sapphire as a reference material. The correction by the obtained Zr and Ys gave accurate values of complex permittivities of alumina and mullite ceramics as 100MHz-1GHz.

In this note, we examine several nonclosure properties of the classes of sets (of two-dimensional tapes) accepted by nondeterministic two-dimensional on-line tessellation acceptors, nondeterministic one way parallel sequential array acceptors and deterministic one way parallel sequential array acceptors.

In the PICASSO, a system for the facial caricature generation, as the basic mechanisms to extract the individuality features of faces and to deform the features have been already introduced, it is expected to realize an autonomous mechanism to evaluate facial caricatures. The evaluation should be based on the framework of human visual cognition. In the PICASSO, some visual illusions such as the Wundt-Fick illusion and the Ponzo illusion for example, are applied to evaluate the shapes of the facial parts such as eyebrows, nose, mouth and face contour, in the deformation process. In many cases, as well-deformed caricatures are evaluated to be successful, it is confirmed that the utilization of the visual illusion is effective to evaluate the results of caricatures. In this paper, some experimental results are presented together with the definition of the evaluation measures and the further subjects.

The purpose of this paper is to offer a modal logic which enables us symbolic reasoning about data, especially, fuzzy relations. For such a purpose, the present author provided some systems of modal fuzzy logic. As a continuous one of those previous works, a logic based on the graded modalities is proposed. After showing some properties of this logic, the decision procedure for this logic is given in the rectangle method.

A left identity type automation is defined as a finite automation whose transformation semigroup has a left identity. In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a given automaton to be of left identity type in terms of the generators of its transformation semigroup.

There is a strong demand to expand captioned broadcasting for TV news programs in Japan. However, keyboard entry of captioned manuscripts for news program cannot keep pace with the speed of speech, because in the case of Japanese it takes time to select the correct characters from among homonyms. In order to implement simultaneous subtitled broadcasting for Japanese news programs, a simultaneous subtitling system by speech recognition has been developed. This system consists of a real-time speech recognition system to handle broadcast news transcription and a recognition-error correction system that manually corrects mistakes in the recognition result with short delay time. NHK started simultaneous subtitled broadcasting for the news program "News 7" on the evening of March 27, 2000.

High-speed digital data transmission services with mobile equipment are becoming available. Though the visual signal is one of the expected media to be used with such transmission capabilities, the bandwidth of visual signal is much broader than the provided transmission bandwidth in general. Therefore efficient video encoding algorithms have to be introduced. The ITU-T Recommendation H.263 and ISO/IEC MPEG-4 are very powerful encoding algorithms for a wide range of video sequences. But a large amount of bits are generated in highly active scenes to encode them using such conventional methods. This results in frame skipping and degradation of decoded picture quality. In order to keep these degradations as low as possible, we proposed a Dynamic Resolution Conversion (DRC) method of the prediction error. In the method, a reduced resolution encoding is carried out when the input scene is highly active. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can improve both coding frame rate and picture quality in a highly active scene. We also present in this paper that some analysis for the performance of the DRC method under the error prone environment that is inevitable with mobile communications.

Large liquid crystal display (LCD) panels have several cell-gap problems. For example, gravity defects are observed as thicker cell-gap areas at the bottom of an LCD panel at a high temperature, and cold-bubble defects are observed as bubbles in an LCD panel at a low temperature. We have developed a gap simulation to investigate these problems. The calculation was carried out for both column and ball spacers. It was shown that gap defects can be substantially reduced using ball spacers.

In this paper, we propose a technique to improve the gain of ultra wide-band (UWB) planar antennas by using low profile reflectors based on frequency selective surfaces (FSS). This technique not only enhances the gain of the planar UWB antennas but also guarantees a constant gain with weak variation across the entire UWB while keeping their attractive merits such as planar structure and easy fabrication. An UWB coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed antenna is installed above the proposed reflectors, to prove the effectiveness of the proposed technique. As a result, a constant gain is achieved across a very large bandwidth.

We propose a polarization mode dispersion (PMD) design for high-speed wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) backbone network systems based on field PMD measurements on installed optical fibers for long-term commercial use. Implementing a high-speed network system on an installed fiber requires measuring PMD, because the PMD characteristics of most installed fibers are unknown. For enhanced practicality, we must be able to precisely evaluate PMD characteristics precisely with just one measurement. To understand the statistical properties of measured PMD values, we use the Jones Matrix Eigenanalysis (JME) method to conduct long-term (12 months) PMD measurements on installed fibers. We statistically analyze the measurement results and confirm that the measured values match the theory that considers the accuracy of the measurement instrument. This enables a PMD design of desired outage probability based on PMD measurements of installed fibers. We also carry out a 43-Gb/s return-to-zero differential quadrature phase shift keying (RZ-DQPSK) signal transmission with high PMD fibers in order to confirm the effectiveness of our PMD design. The PMD values of the in-line amplifier transmission line are settled so as to meet the worst value of the design. We confirm that 43-Gb/s RZ-DQPSK signals are stably transmitted at the design value.

Currently, IEEE802.11p and ARIB STD T-109 are available as the typical inter-vehicle communication (IVC) standards. Carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) are used in these standards. However, the performance degrades when there are hidden terminals. In this paper, IVC system that using a direct sequence spread spectrum (DS/SS) modulation scheme is discussed because it has code division multiple access (CDMA) capability. In DS/SS-IVC scheme, it is possible to avoid hidden terminal problem. On the other hand, near-far problem (NFP), multiple access interference (MAI) and interference by equivalent pseudo noise (PN) codes occurs in DS/SS communication. These problems cause performance degradation. In this paper, interference cancellation scheme and slotted ALOHA scheme with code sensing are applied so as to mitigate the impact of MAI, NFP and interference by equivalent PN code. By applying interference cancellation scheme and slotted ALOHA scheme with code sensing, the performance of DS/SS-IVC is improved. In this paper, location oriented PN code allocation is focused on as a method of PN code assignment. However, DS/SS-IVC scheme based on location oriented PN code allocation has a problem. Since each vehicle obtain PN code based on the position that is estimated by GPS, performance degrades when GPS positioning error occurs. Therefore, the positioning system of DS/SS-IVC scheme is also discussed in this paper. Elimination of ranging data that has large ranging error is proposed in addition to interference cancellation scheme and slotted ALOHA scheme with code sensing in order to improve the performance of positioning. From the simulation results, the positioning error can be mitigated by applying these proposed techniques.