The first results of a field trial held in November 2000, of 1 Tbit/s (25 43 Gbit/s) unidirectional Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) transmission, are presented. The field trial used a 43 Gbit/s/channel Optical Transport Network (OTN) interface prototype and standard Single Mode Fibers (SMFs) installed in the Nara area network of NTT West Corporation. The features of this field trial include the accommodation of multiple services such as GbE, STM-16 and OC-48. Error free operation of 25 channels with 100 GHz spacing over a 91 km standard SMF with Forward Error Correction (FEC) is verified for STM-16. A DV stream over IP over Ethernet as a tributary channel was also successfully transmitted.

This paper describes the design concept and realized functions of the first Optical Transport Network (OTN) based 43 Gbit/s line terminal. The system requirements of new generation networks are provided, and the functions needed in this line terminal are obtained from the requirements. The line terminal deploys Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) to handle client signals, and provides transparent high quality multiple services such as SONET/SDH and Gigabit Ethernet. The configuration and features of the actually fabricated system are described.

We describe a field experiment of flexible modulation format adaptation on a real-time 400Gbit/s/ch DSP-LSI. This real-time DSP-LSI features OSNR estimation, practical simplified back propagation, and high gain soft-decision forward error correction. With these techniques, we have successfully demonstrated modulation format allocation and transmission of 56-channel 400Gbit/s-2SC-PDM-16QAM and 200Gbit/s-2SC-PDM-QPSK signals in 216km and 3246km standard single mode fiber, respectively.

We achieved a dispersion tolerance of 25-ps/nm at 80-Gbit/s using novel carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (CS-RZ) coding realized by duty ratio and optical multiplexing phase control. We also show that the dispersion tolerance strongly depends on the relative optical phase difference between adjacent time slots, and demonstrate 80-Gbit/s 60-km DSF transmission without dispersion compensation by using a newly-fabricated stable 80-Gbit/s OTDM transmitter.

We investigated the characteristics of optical duobinary signals in achieving high fiber input power transmission focusing on the idea of optimum residual dispersion equalization. We confirm through calculations and experiments that setting the total link dispersion at a non-zero value allows high fiber launched power (+18 dBm) and large dispersion tolerance (350 ps/nm) at 10 Gbit/s. We demonstrate repeaterless 250-km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission with a 10-Gbit/s optical duobinary signal. We also demonstrate high-speed complete optical duobinary coding and transmit synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) frames over optical duobinary signals for the first time.

We investigated the characteristics of optical duobinary signals in achieving high fiber input power transmission focusing on the idea of optimum residual dispersion equalization. We confirm through calculations and experiments that setting the total link dispersion at a non-zero value allows high fiber launched power (+18 dBm) and large dispersion tolerance (350 ps/nm) at 10 Gbit/s. We demonstrate repeaterless 250-km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission with a 10-Gbit/s optical duobinary signal. We also demonstrate high-speed complete optical duobinary coding and transmit synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) frames over optical duobinary signals for the first time.

This paper describes the impact of novel Return-to-Zero (RZ) formas for dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) transport systems using 40-Gbit/s channels. The introduction of phase modulation using phase reversal in RZ-signal encoding process dramatically reduces its optical modulation bandwidth and enhances its tolerance against fiber nonlinearities. By using proposed RZ formats, DWDM transmission performance in 40-Gbit/s channels can be enhanced with high spectral efficiency compared with conventional Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) and Return-to-Zero (RZ) formats.

We describe a concept and realization of distance-adaptive (DA) resource allocation in spectrum-sliced elastic optical path network (SLICE). We modify the modulation format and cross-connection bandwidth of individual fixed-bit rate optical paths to optimize performance with respect to transmission distance. The shorter paths are allocated a smaller amount of resources which allows reducing the spectrum occupied by the channel. We show in calculation a reduction in required spectral resources of more than 60% when compared to the traditional traffic allocation schemes based on ITU-T grid. The concept is verified experimentally.

In this paper, we analyze photon distributions of squeezed state from a viewpoint of quantum state control communications (QSCC). Especially, the effect of the channel loss on these properties are shown in transmitted quantum state control (TQSC). As a result, we show the general property of the photon distribution of squeezed state suffering the loss effect in channel with respect to the transparence efficiency. Although the photon distribution of squeezed state suffering the loss effect approaches the Poissonian one, the photon distribution on the way becomes a remarkable one in some region of a squeezing parameter. Then we show optimum conditions of squeezed state based on Signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the photon counting system. It is found that the degree of the squeezing to minimize error probability is much smaller than that for SNR. Moreover, we compare properties of the photon counting system using a squeezer as a preamplifier with those using a general linear optical amplifier.

This paper presents an elastic optical path network architecture as a novel networking framework to address the looming capacity crunch problem in internet protocol (IP) and optical networks. The basic idea is to introduce elasticity and adaptation into the optical domain to yield spectrally-efficient optical path accommodation, heightened network scalability through IP traffic offloading to the elastic optical layer, and enhanced survivability for serious disasters.