Using the chirped grating with temperature control, we demonstrated the adaptive dispersion compensation at 40 Gbit/s RZ transmission. The simple monitoring of the 40 GHz frequency component enables us to automatic control of the adaptive dispersion compensator.

Using the chirped grating with temperature control, we demonstrated the adaptive dispersion compensation at 40 Gbit/s RZ transmission. The simple monitoring of the 40 GHz frequency component enables us to automatic control of the adaptive dispersion compensator.

The demonstrated capacity of 40-Gb/s WDM systems is now exceeding 3-Tb/s. We will discuss some of the enabling technologies for these high capacities and some of the technologies that may push the aggregate capacity of WDM systems towards 10-Tb/s.

The demonstrated capacity of 40-Gb/s WDM systems is now exceeding 3-Tb/s. We will discuss some of the enabling technologies for these high capacities and some of the technologies that may push the aggregate capacity of WDM systems towards 10-Tb/s.

We demonstrate, through numerical simulations, the possibility of trans-oceanic single channel transmission at 160 Gbit/s with no active control. This was achieved using short period dispersion management, which supports short pulse propagation at practical map strengths. We demonstrate that through careful selection and optimisation of the system parameters the performance of this system can be extended. We also define the tolerable limits of the system to the residual dispersion slope and polarisation mode dispersion.

We investigated the characteristics of optical duobinary signals in achieving high fiber input power transmission focusing on the idea of optimum residual dispersion equalization. We confirm through calculations and experiments that setting the total link dispersion at a non-zero value allows high fiber launched power (+18 dBm) and large dispersion tolerance (350 ps/nm) at 10 Gbit/s. We demonstrate repeaterless 250-km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission with a 10-Gbit/s optical duobinary signal. We also demonstrate high-speed complete optical duobinary coding and transmit synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) frames over optical duobinary signals for the first time.

We demonstrate, through numerical simulations, the possibility of trans-oceanic single channel transmission at 160 Gbit/s with no active control. This was achieved using short period dispersion management, which supports short pulse propagation at practical map strengths. We demonstrate that through careful selection and optimisation of the system parameters the performance of this system can be extended. We also define the tolerable limits of the system to the residual dispersion slope and polarisation mode dispersion.

We investigated the characteristics of optical duobinary signals in achieving high fiber input power transmission focusing on the idea of optimum residual dispersion equalization. We confirm through calculations and experiments that setting the total link dispersion at a non-zero value allows high fiber launched power (+18 dBm) and large dispersion tolerance (350 ps/nm) at 10 Gbit/s. We demonstrate repeaterless 250-km single mode fiber (SMF) transmission with a 10-Gbit/s optical duobinary signal. We also demonstrate high-speed complete optical duobinary coding and transmit synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) frames over optical duobinary signals for the first time.

The visual reality of a holographic image has improved effectively by utilizing multicolor reconstruction procedure. This fact is applicable to a real-time three-dimensional display for a computer generated hologram (CGH). However, it is quite difficult to generate a CGH for multicolor imaging in real-time because a CGH contains essentially a huge amount of information, and increases further information produced by multiplying the number of primary colors for multicolor imaging. Moreover, the optical system is considerably complicated for the multicolor image reconstruction. In this paper, a new method is presented to reconstruct a three dimensional multicolor image from a CGH. In this method, three sub-holograms to reconstruct the primary color images are sampled respectively for reducing the amount of computation and realizing a simple optical system. Fringe patterns are displayed by only one spatial light modulator (SLM) and color crosstalk images are eliminated by a color filtering system for ensuring that each sub-hologram can be only illuminated by the light with an appropriate color. A multicolor imaging method from a CGH is proposed and also the experimental results are shown.

We have developed a highly integrated liquid-crystal-on-silicon microdisplay for virtual reality applications. The silicon panel of 704 576 pixels was designed and fabricated by a custom 0.35 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology with emphasis on surface planarization. Topographic variation of less than 100 within the pixels was achieved. The pixel pitch was 9.6 µm, fill factor was 88% and display area was 0.36" in diagonal. Eight-bit digital data drivers and gamma-correction circuitry were integrated onto the silicon panel for true gray scale and full color representation. The display panel was assembled with a mixed twisted nematic and birefringence liquid crystal cell for high contract at CMOS compatible voltage. Chromatic characterization of the display using 3-color-in-1 light emitting diode (LED) as light source was performed. Contrast ratios on the pixel array were 95, 72 and 56, respectively, for red, green and blue colors at 3 V root-mean-squared voltage. In addition, a three-dimensional (3D) video stream in interlaced format was generated by a 3D modeling code for test and demonstration. Control logic was implemented to extract the left and right video frames and perform system timing synchronization. The silicon microdisplay was driven in frame inversion and by color sequence. With two sets of silicon microdisplays and eyepieces for each eye, we have demonstrated a 3D stereoscopic display based on the silicon microdisplay technology.

Voltage holding property of liquid crystal (LC) cell for long period was investigated and the experimantal results were analyzed using a microscopic model considered the movement of ions in LC layer. The time dependent voltage decay curve observed in the experiment, which is not driven by the analysis with the conventional equivalent circuit comprised of the capacitance and the resistance, can be well explained by the microscopic model.

By using full-color light emitting diode (LED) panel, we have been studying a stereoscopic full-color large television in broad daylight. In order to implement stereoscopic large display for the general public, optimum parameters of display elements and parallax barrier and viewing areas of stereoscopic display using parallax barrier are discussed. Although stereoscopic display with parallax barrier permits the viewer to view stereoscopic images without any special glasses, its viewing area is restricted by crosstalk and disappearing of pixels. Enlarged viewing areas, which are derived from the small ratio of light emitting region to pixel and a proper aperture ratio of parallax barrier, are analyzed. A model of a viewer standing toward the display is proposed because the viewer apart from the horizontal center of the display turns to the center point of LED display and this turning causes a deviation of viewer's eye position. Then, the allowable number of viewing locations is derived on "no crosstalk" and "no disappearance" conditions. The optimum aperture ratio of parallax barrier and the width of light emitting region is obtained through the optimization. The viewing area obtained from the analysis is confirmed by experiments using full-color LED panel. Relations between viewing area and the moire fringes is also discussed. The depth of the viewing area agrees the viewing distance where no moire fringe appears. Furthermore, possibility of display for the crowds is discussed.

Low luminous efficacy is one of the major drawbacks of PDPs, with the discharge being the predominant limiting factor. Numeric simulations granting deeper insight in the core processes of the discharge are presented and the key parameters influencing the plasma efficiency are examined.

Conventional metal-glazed thick-film resistors are applied to Hybrid Integrated Circuits, chip resistors and others. These resistors are usually fired at a high temperature of around 850C on ceramic substrates. Recently, however, attempts have been made to fire some metal-glazed thick-film resistors at lower temperatures on glass substrates for application as the control resistors for the discharge current of dc Plasma Display Panels (PDPs). We have attempted to realize such low-firing-temperature thick-film resistors using Pb2Ru2O7-x as conductive particles, two kinds of lead-borosilicate glasses as binders, and three kinds of metallic oxide as additives, which are fired at 580C on a soda lime glass substrate. The electrical properties of the specimens, 16 kinds in all, fabricated from various combinations of binder glasses, additives and electrode materials have been measured. Effective dimensions of the specimen resistor are 0.25 0.25 mm2 or less in surface area, since extremely small size is required by PDPs. The effect of the combination of additive and binder glass on the conductive particles of Pb2Ru2O7-x has been examined in detail, together with the affinity for electrical conjunction between resistor and electrode.

The constriction resistance of an electric contact has frequently been obtained using a model of only one circular contact spot of radius a. However, cases of a single contact spot are extremely rare as the interface of the electrical contact actually consists of numerous micro-contact spots. A contact is therefore regarded as the aggregate of several micro-contact spots, which are referred to collectively as a cluster. The constriction resistance of the cluster can be calculated as the sum of the self-resistance and mutual resistance of individual micro-contact spots. In the present study, this model is expanded slightly for practical application by normalizing a previous theoretical formula. In order to obtain the constriction resistance for contacts between composite materials and mating metals, EPMA analysis is applied so as to determine real micro-contact spots. Theoretical calculations of the constriction resistance of multiple contact spots is shown to be reasonably consistent with experimental results. In addition, the contact of a composite material and a mating metal is shown to be made up of multispots. The current was recognized experimentally to flow more easily at micro-contact spots in the cluster periphery. These experimental findings coincide with simulation results obtained by theoretical calculations.

A Schottky contact model was implemented as a boundary condition for Monte Carlo device simulations. Unlike the ideal ohmic contact, the thermal equilibrium is unnecessary around the Schottky contact. Therefore, the wide region with high impurity concentration around the contact is not required to maintain the thermal equilibrium, which means that it is possible to avoid assigning a lot of particles to the low-field region. The validity of the present boundary condition for contacts was verified by simulating a rectifying characteristic of a Schottky barrier diode. As an application example using the present contact model, we simulated transport in n+nn+ structures with sub-0.1 µm channel lengths. We observed direction dependence of the electron velocity dispersion, which indicates that the direction dependence of the diffusion constant or the carrier temperature should be taken into account in the hydrodynamic simulation for sub-0.1 µm devices.

The author's recent research topics of organic monolayer films have been reviewed. The importance of the study of organic monolayers is discussed from the viewpoints of future electronics and dielectric physics, keeping in mind the difference between monolayers and bulk materials.

In long-haul wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems, signals with shorter and longer wavelengths have self-phase modulation group-velocity-dispersion (SPM-GVD) penalty caused by to the dispersion slope even after the dispersion-compensation at the receiver has been optimized. As a countermeasure, we have already proposed both pre-compensation and post-compensation of chromatic dispersion at the transmitter and receiver for each channel. This method can decrease the channel variation of path-averaged chromatic dispersion along the transmission line, and it can improve the eye opening of the waveform after transmission. We investigated the optimized parameter of chromatic dispersion and chirping at the transmitter. The optimized pre-dispersion compensation parameter R was about 50%. The optimized chirping parameter α was about 3 when the signal wavelength was less than the mean zero-dispersion wavelength. In a single-channel, 5.3-Gbit/s NRZ signal transmission experiment over a 4,760-km straight line, this method decreased SPM-GVD penalty. In a 32-channel, 5.3-Gbit/s WDM transmission experiment over 9,879 km using a circulating loop, this method improved Q-factors for the 1st and 32nd channels by more than 1.5 dB.

We present a new basis for discrete representation of stereo correspondence. This center referenced basis permits a more natural, complete and concise representation of constraints in stereo matching. In this context a MAP formulation for disparity estimation is derived and reduced to unconstrained minimization of an energy function. Incorporating natural constraints, the problem is simplified to the shortest path problem in a sparsely connected trellis structure which is performed by an efficient dynamic programing algorithm. The computational complexity is the same as the best of other dynamic programming methods, but a very high degree of concurrency is possible in the algorithm making it suitable for implementation with parallel procesors. Experimental results confirm the performance of this method and matching errors are found to degrade gracefully in exponential form with respect to noise.

Layered Multicomposites by Sequential Adsorption (LAMSA) is layer by layer approach for ultrathin film fabrication that has been applied to a variety of organic and inorganic materials. In this paper, we present our objectives and work on the fabrication and modification of display devices and sensors primarily using LAMSA techniques. The term supramolecular layer assembly denotes the selective incorporation of processing techniques, layer configuration and molecular ordering that is achieved within planar devices. The first application involves modifying a polymer light emitting diode (PLED) device fabricated using the ITO/MEH-PPV/Ca protocol with ultrathin polyaniline derivatives. The second example involves photoinduced alignment in a hybrid LC cell configuration using polarized light with azo dye/polyelectrolyte ultrathin films. A supramolecular concept on substrates for opto- bioelectronic sensor configurations is described.