This paper describes the current implementation and experimental results of a hardware/software codesign system for ASIP (Application Specific Integrated Processor) development： the PEAS-I System. The PEAS-I system accepts a set of application programs written in C language, associated data set, module database, and design constraints such as chip area and power consumption. The system then generates an optimized CPU core design in the form of an HDL as well as a set of application program development tools such as a C compiler, an assembler and a simulator. Another important feature of the PEAS-I system is that the system is able to give accurate estimations of chip area and performance before the detailed design of the ASIP is completed. According to the experimental results, the PEAS-I system has been found to be highly effective and efficient for ASIP development.

The performance of ASIPs (Application Specific Integrated Processors) is heavily affected by the design of their instruction set architecture. In order to maximize the performance of ASIP, it is essential to design an architecture that has an optimum instruction set. This paper descibes a new method that automates the design of optimum instruction set of ASIP. This method solves the Instruction set implementation Method Selection Problem(IMSP). IMSP is to be solved in the instruction set architecture design. Frse, the IMSP is formalized as an integer programming problem, which is to maximize the perfomance of the CPU under the constraints of chip area and power consumption. Then, a branch-and-bound algorithm to solve IMSP is described. According to the experimental results, the proposed algorithm is quite effective and efficient in solving the IMSP. The presented method automates a complex part of the ASIP chip design and is also a good design tool that enables designer to predict the performance of their design before completion.

This letter describes the architecture and ASIC implementation of the FSP-3 (Flexible Servo motor control Processor-3) chip. The FSP-3 is a special purpose 32 bit microprocessor dedicated to the Flexible Servo Control System (FSC), which is able to manipulate various kinds of servo motors efficiently. FSP-3 chip is one of the largest scale system ASICs entirely designed in Japanese universities.

The mechanism for data retention failure of EPROM has been investigated by the Optical Beam Induced Current(OBIC) technique. It was found that the data of failure cells were changed from '1' to '0' during read-mode by laser irradiation by OBIC. The data in good cells was not changed. This result suggests the effective barrier height between Si and SiO2 is being lowered. In addition, the cross section technique revealed that gate electrode and gate oxide were exposed due to lack of dielectric layers. This defect seemed to be the cause of the barrier height lowering. The OBIC technique not only gives the failure location but a detailed information of the failure mechanism. We found that OBIC technique is a very powerful tool for the analysis of EPROM failure mechanisms. The usefulness of the Emission Micro Scope (EMS) technique is also discussed.

This paper introduces a tensorial representation of multiple cameras with arbitrary curvilinear motions. It enables us to define a multilinear relationship among image points derived from non-rigid object motions viewed from multiple cameras with arbitrary curvilinear motions. We show the new multilinear relationship is useful for generating images and reconstructing 3D non-rigid object motions viewed from cameras with arbitrary curvilinear motions. The method is tested in real image sequences.

Extracting visual motion is very important for understanding dynamic actions and for extracting dynamic events from video sequences. Recently, it was shown that some invariants on motions can be extracted from sequential images and applied for recognizing motions from images viewed from arbitrary viewpoints. Unfortunately, these space-time invariants were limited for planar motions viewed from affine cameras. In this paper, we propose a method for computing space-time invariants on non-planar motions viewed from two perspective cameras. The extracted invariants are applied for distinguishing 3D motions from video sequences viewed from arbitrary viewpoints.

In this paper we propose a method for estimating time-to-contact in scattering media. Images taken in scattering media are often unclear and blurry, making it difficult to detect appropriate geometric information from these images for computing the 3 dimensional properties of the scene. Therefore, instead of searching for geometric information, we attempt to use photometric information instead. In our approach, we use the observed image intensity. The method proposed in this paper is able to utilize the effect of scattering media on the resultant image and estimate the time-to-contact toward objects without any prior knowledge of the scene, cameras, and the scattering media. This method is then evaluated using simulated and real images.

The spatio-temporal multiple view geometry can represent the geometry of multiple images in the case where non-rigid arbitrary motions are viewed from multiple translational cameras. However, it requires many corresponding points and is sensitive to the image noise. In this paper, we investigate mutual projections of cameras in four-dimensional space and show that it enables us to reduce the number of corresponding points required for computing the spatio-temporal multiple view geometry. Surprisingly, take three views for instance, we no longer need any corresponding point to calculate the spatio-temporal multiple view geometry, if all the cameras are projected to the other cameras mutually for two time intervals. We also show that the stability of the computation of spatio-temporal multiple view geometry is drastically improved by considering the mutual projections of cameras.

In this paper we describe the formal conditions to detect and resolve all kinds of pipeline data hazards and propose a scheduling algorithm for pipelined instruction set processor synthesis. The algorithm deals with multi cycle operations and tries to minimize the pipeline execution cycles under a given hardware configuration with/without hardware interlock. The main feature that makes the proposed algorithm different from existing ones is the algorithm is for estimating the performance in HW/SW partitioning, with capability of handling a module library of different FUs and dealing with multi cycle operations to be implemented in software. Experimental results of application to ASIP HW/SW codesign show that the proposed algorithm is effective and considerable pipeline execution cycle reduction rates can be achieved. The time complexity of the scheduing algorithm is of O(n2) in the worst case, where n is the number of instructions in a given basic block.

The characteristics of an optical functional integrated circuit and its applications are discussed. This circuit is based upon a Mach-Zehnder interferometer type waveguide device employing thermo-optic effect. This circuit is compact, cost-effective and practical. One proposed application is an optical loopback circuit to test both OCU loop 1 and DSU loop C. This optical loopback circuit with an attenuator and space switches is formed on a common silicon substrate, and using this circuit both loopback and line tests are independently available at the same access point. The other is an optical selector. This optical selector with WDM-MUX/DMUX and space switches is formed on a common silicon substrate, and using this selector, wavelength selection from medium density WDM (MDWDM) signal can be performed. Each MDWDM signal carries both AM and FM-FDM video signals modulated by Subcarrier Multiplexing (SCM) techniques. This selector can be wired in point-to-multipoint configurations to home video appliances.

This paper introduces multiple view geometry under projective projection from four-dimensional space to two-dimensional space which can represent multiple view geometry under the projection of space-time. We show the multifocal tensors defined under space-time projective projection can be derived from non-rigid object motions viewed from multiple cameras with arbitrary translational motions, and they are practical for generating images of non-rigid object motions viewed from cameras with arbitrary translational motions. The method is tested in real image sequences.

Recently, many application systems have been developed by using a large number of cameras. If 3D points are observed from synchronized cameras, the multiple view geometry of these cameras can be computed and the 3D reconstruction of the scene is available. Thus, the synchronization of multiple cameras is essential. In this paper, we propose a method for synchronizing multiple cameras and for computing the epipolar geometry from uncalibrated and unsynchronized cameras. In particular we using affine invariance to match the frame numbers of camera images for finding the synchronization. The proposed method is tested by using real image sequences taken from uncalibrated and unsynchronized cameras.

In this paper, we propose a method for reconstructing 3D sequential patterns from multiple images without knowing exact image correspondences and without calibrating linear camera sensitivity parameters on intensity. The sequential pattern is defined as a series of colored 3D points. We assume that the series of the points are obtained in multiple images, but the correspondence of individual points is not known among multiple images. For reconstructing sequential patterns, we consider a camera projection model which combines geometric and photometric information of objects. Furthermore, we consider camera projections in the frequency space. By considering the multi-view relationship on the new projection model, we show that the 3D sequential patterns can be reconstructed without knowing exact correspondence of individual image points in the sequential patterns; moreover, the recovered 3D patterns do not suffer from changes in linear camera sensitivity parameters. The efficiency of the proposed method is tested using real images.

This letter proposes a new framework for ASIP (Application Specific Integrated Processor) development. The system is called IDEAS (Integrated Design Environment for Application Specific Integrated Processor). IDEAS accepts a set of application programs and its expected data as input, and profiles these programs both statically and dynamically. According to the profiled results, the system decides the architecture of ASIP, and synthesizes the CPU core design of the ASIP, and generates the software development tools for the ASIP such as compiler and simulator.