In this paper, a coefficient-parameter reduction method is proposed for invertible deinterlacing with variable coefficients. Invertible deinterlacing, which the authors have developed before, can be used as a preprocess of frame-based motion picture codec, such as Motion-JPEG2000 (MJP2), for interlaced videos. When the conventional field-interleaving is used instead, comb-tooth artifacts appear around edges of moving objects. On the other hand, the invertible deinterlacing technique allows us to suppress the comb-tooth artifacts and also to recover an original picture on demand. As previous works, the authors have developed a variable coefficient scheme with a motion detection filter, which realizes adaptability to local characteristics of given pictures. When applying this deinterlacing technique to an image codec, it is required to send coefficient parameters to receivers for original picture recovery. This work proposes a parameter decimation technique and shows that this reduction approach can be achieved without significant loss of comb-tooth suppression capability and improves the quality at high bit-rate decoding.

A VLSI-specific wavelet processing technique has been developed and implemented as a processor in accordance with the JPEG2000 specification. This proposed procedure of discrete wavelet transforms uses an altered calculation equations and makes use of intermediate results through wavelet calculation. The implementation of the proposed procedure is capable of realizing a highly efficient DWT for large size images in spite of using low hardware costs and a small size buffering memory. In order to obtain fast EBCOT processing, three types of parallel processing are introduced in the EBCOT architecture. The processor performs compression of 720480 pixels images with the speed of 30 frames per second (fps) at a required operating frequency as low as 32 MHz or lower. Furthermore, it need not divide an image into tiles so that the problem of deterioration of image quality due to tile division does not occur. A prototype of this processor has been fabricated in a 0.25-µm 5-layer CMOS process. The chip is 10.210.4 mm2 in size and consumes 2.0 W when supplied with 2.5 V and 32 MHz.

A scheme of error correction for JPEG2000 codestream is proposed in this paper. The scheme uses a forward error correction code (FEC) and a data hiding technique. The headers and the higher quality layers of the codestream are coded using FEC codes. Then the parity data are separated from the FEC-coded data and hidden in the JPEG2000 codestream. The hidden data are used for error correction at the decoder. Several error correction codes with different strength are selected for the main header, the tile-part headers, the packet headers, and the bodies. The codestream generated by the proposed scheme has backward compatibility with a standard JPEG2000 codestream. Thus, it can be decoded with a general decoder. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

In this paper, a lifting implementation of variable-coefficient invertible deinterlacer with embedded motion detector is proposed. As previous works, the authors have developed invertible deinterlacing that suppresses comb-tooth artifacts caused by field interleaving for interlaced scanning video, which affect the quality of intraframe-based codec such as Motion-JPEG2000. To improve the local adaptability for given pictures, its variable-coefficient processing with motion detection has also been proposed so that filters can be changed according to local properties of motion pictures, while maintaining the invertibility. In this paper, it is shown that the variable-coefficient invertible deinterlacing can be realized by a lifting-based simple hardware architecture, and motion detector can also be embedded. Both of the motion detection and deinterlacing filters are shared by a special choice of their coefficients, and by adaptive selection of deinterlacing filters. The significance of our proposed architecture is verified by showing synthesis results from the VHDL models. The proposed implementation with embedded motion detector achieves about 28% reduction of the gate count compared with the corresponding separate implementation.

In this letter, we propose a new error protection technique for JPEG2000-coded images and also present its evaluation over an OFDM channel. The method exploits the layer structure of the JPEG2000 codestream, a data embedding technique and a forward error correcting code. The main header and data in the top layer are duplicated and protected by the error correcting code. These data are then embedded into the bottom layer for error recovery purposes. Our method offers several features: preserves the same codestream structure as the one in the JPEG2000 part 1 standard, provides multilevel error protection, and can be combined with the existing error resilience technique. Hence, the method accommodates the new requirements for wireless JPEG2000 (JPWL/JPEG2000 part 11).

An effective method for lossless video compression using intra-frame coding algorithms is described. Intra-frame coding is mainly used for still image compression and does not exploit a temporal correlation in video sequences. With the proposed method, multiple frames are combined into one large picture by interleaving all pixel data. In a large generated picture, the temporal correlation of the video sequence is transformed into a spatial correlation. A large picture enables images to be coded more efficiently and decreases the bitrate for lossless coding using intra-frame coding. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this method by encoding video sequences using JPEG 2000 and JPEG-LS.

In this paper, we propose a function that provides scalability of image quality on the basis of regions of interest for JPEG2000 coding. Functions of this type are useful in the progressive transmission of images, where the aim is to more quickly decode regions of interest than backgrounds. The conventional methods of progressive transmission have mainly been based on SNR scalability or on resolution scalability. With these conventional functions, it is impossible to achieve region-based scalability in the progressive transmission of images. The proposed methods use the ROI and SNR layer structures of JPEG2000, so the methods are suitable for the region-progressive transmission of JPEG2000 images.

A method of error concealment for JPEG2000 images is proposed in this paper. The proposed method uses the layer structure that is a feature of the JPEG2000. The most significant layer is hidden in the lowest layer of the JPEG2000 bit stream, and this embedded layer is used for error concealment. The most significant layer is duplicated because JPEG2000 uses bit-plane coding. In this coding, when the upper layers are affected by errors, the coefficients of the lower layers become meaningless. A bit stream encoded using the proposed method has the same data structure as a standard JPEG2000. Therefore, it can be decoded by a standard decoder. Our simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Several lifting implementation techniques for invertible deniterlacing are proposed in this paper. Firstly, the invertible deinterlacing is reviewed, and an efficient implementation is presented. Next, two deinterlacer-embedded lifting architectures of discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) is proposed. Performances are compared among several architectures of deinterlacing with DWT. The performance evaluation includes dual-multiplier and single-multiplier architectures. The number of equivalent gates shows that the deinterlacing-embedded architectures require less resources than the separate implementaion. Our experimental evaluation of the dual-multiplier architecture results in 0.8% increase in the gate count, whereas the separate implementation of deinterlacing and DWT requires 6.1% increase from the normal DWT architecture. For the proposed single-multiplier architecture, the gate count is shown to result in 4.5% increase, while the separate counterpart yields 10.7% increase.

This paper describes an effective technique for coding QCIF video sequences based on a JPEG2000 codec. In the proposed method, multiple frames are combined into one large picture. The larger picture enables images to be coded more efficiently. Image quality is further improved by combining the frames symmetrically. The video sequence is efficiently coded by adapting the time correlation of the video sequences to spatial correlation. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this method by encoding QCIF video sequences using JPEG2000.

This paper discusses a method of designing linear phase two-channel filter banks for integer wavelet transform. We show that the designed filter banks are easily structed as the lifting form by leading relationship between designed filters and lifting structure. The designed integer wavelets are applied to image compression to verify the efficiency of our method.