This letter presents an iterative decision feedback channel estimation scheme for burst mode COFDM transmission. The feature of the proposed scheme is that the channel estimation using metrics comparison is applied to the initial stage of the iterative mechanism, which makes it possible to provide a reliable data stream at the initial stage. Computer simulation results show that the proposed approach provides better BER than the traditional iterative decision feedback channel estimation scheme irrespective of the number of iterations.

We propose a scheme by which Broadcast Satellite/Communication Satellite- radio frequency (BS/CS-RF) converted TV signals are transmitted over optical fiber, and also propose a simultaneous Frequency Modulation (FM) converted CATV and BS/CS-RF converted TV optical transmission system as one of its applications. To confirm the proposals, we demonstrate the simultaneous transport of FM converted CATV signals and BS/CS-RF converted TV signals over a single optical fiber. In the experiments, 40 carriers of AM-VSB CATV channels, 30 carriers of 64-QAM digital TV channels, 8 carriers of FM/TC8PSK BS-TV channels, and 12 carriers of QPSK CS-TV channels are simultaneously transmitted. For optical access network application, the practical transmission length of 15 km over 1.3 µm-zero-dispersion optical fiber can be achieved by using dispersion compensation fiber (DCF).

It is well known that the diversity gain attained by DCA (Dynamic Channel Allocation) is generally very high over OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)-based broadband networks. This paper introduces a numerical approach for measuring the performance gain afforded by DCA. In the mathematical analysis, the property of order statistics is adopted to derive the upper bound of the expected throughput via the use of DCA. In the simulation, it was possible to achieve a gain of 5 dB by exploiting multi-user and spectral diversities when the number of users is 16 and the total number of subcarriers is 256.

This paper investigates the impact of chip duty factor (DF) in DS-UWB system with Rake receiver over AWGN and UWB indoor multipath environment corresponding to system parameters such as spreading bandwidth and chip length. Manipulating DF in DS-UWB system offers several advantages over multipath channel and thus, capable of improving system performance for better quality of communication. Although employing lower DF generally improves performance, in some exceptional cases on the other hand, degradation can be observed despite decreasing DF. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to clarify the relationship between DF and DS-UWB system performance. We discovered that with constant processing gain and spreading bandwidth, performance improvement can be observed at DF lower than 0.17. Additionally, with spreading bandwidth as tradeoff parameter, significant performance improvement can only be observed below DF of 0.85.

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using eigenbeam space division multiplexing (E-SDM) perform well and have increased capacities compared with those using conventional space division multiplexing (SDM). However, channel state information (CSI) is required at a transmitter, and the performance of E-SDM systems depends much on the accuracy of the CSI at a transmitter and a receiver. In time-varying fading environments, the channel change between the transmit weight determination time and the actual data transmission time causes the system performance to degrade. To compensate for the channel error, a linear extrapolation method has been proposed for a time division duplexing system. Unfortunately, the system performance still deteriorates as the maximum Doppler frequency increases. Here, two new techniques of channel extrapolation are proposed. One is second order extrapolation, and the other is exponential extrapolation. Also, we propose maximum Doppler frequency estimation methods for exponential extrapolation. Simulation results for 4tx 4rx MIMO systems showed that using the proposed techniques, E-SDM system performs better in a higher Doppler frequency region.

A powerful HARQ-based linear precoding scheme is proposed to utilize the flexibility of post-combining HARQ strategy in MIMO communications systems. The scheme selects the appropriate symbols and transmit powers for each eigen-mode to acquire more performance gains. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves about 5.5 dB signal-to-noise ratio gains over original spatial multiplexing scheme at an average bit error rate of 10-4. Furthermore, the gap between the two schemes increases with the number of transmissions.

This letter proposed a linear precoding scheme for the V-BLAST system that requires only knowledge of the statistical CSI; the transmitter does not need the instantaneous CSI. Power allocation on the eigenmodes of the transmit correlation matrix is one way to minimize bit error rate (BER). Simulation results show that the proposed precoding V-BLAST system provides a significant reduction in the BER compared with the conventional V-BLAST systems.

Diversity transmission using space-time block coding (STBC) shows a degraded performance in frequency selective fading (FSF) channel. In this paper, assuming the CSI is unknown at both transmitter and receiver while a pilot signal is available during the training period, we propose a MIMO transmission scheme using STBC by adopting subband adaptive array (SBAA) processing. The receive signal is converted into the frequency-domain and adaptive processing is done at each subband. A novel construction of SBAA is introduced to process received signal based on STBC. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has a better performance compare to conventional STBC, and has a better performance and less computational load compare to STBC-TDLAA.

An enhanced Ultra Wideband (UWB) signaling scheme that employs PSWF (Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions)-based orthogonal chip pulses and ternary complementary code sets is proposed for Direct-Sequence (DS) UWB systems. Every information bit of each user is modulated and transmitted over a set of parallel sequences of PSWF-based orthogonal chip pulses and are further assigned to a ternary complementary code set with additional zero padding if necessary. Moreover, the ternary complementary code sets are generated to be mutually orthogonal and assigned to any pair of multiple users. Hence, the mitigation of multipath interference as well as multiple user interference (MUI) can be expected. Furthermore, the ternary code length can be greatly shortened by taking advantage of pulse and code orthogonality. Thus, the proposed transmission scheme is especially suitable for high data rate DS-UWB systems that offer very high flexibility.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems are very sensitive to the frequency offset of the local oscillator at the receiver while the symbol timing offset can be absorbed in the guard interval. For the same reason, estimation of the frequency characteristics, needed for OFDM to be adapted to the frequency selective fading, can only be carried out conventionally after the frequency offset has been compensated. And accurate estimation of large frequency offset certainly requires high precision estimate of the frequency characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new joint estimation method of the frequency offset and the channel frequency response using an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm for OFDM systems. The proposed algorithm overcomes the limitation of the thus far proposed algorithm. By computer simulations, we show the proposed algorithm provides estimation accuracy close to its lower bound in a wide range of the frequency offset.

In this paper, a multiuser receiver based on a Gaussian Mixture Sigma Point Particle Filter (GMSPPF), which can be used for joint channel coefficient estimation and time delay tracking in CDMA communication systems, is introduced. The proposed algorithm has better improved estimation performance than either Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) or Particle Filter (PF). The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is derived for the estimator, and the simulation result demonstrates that it is almost completely near-far resistant. For this reason, it is believed that the proposed estimator can replace well-known filters such as the EKF or PF.

In this paper, an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) double-directional channel sounding measurement and spatio-temporal analysis of UWB propagation based on the clusterization approach were reported. After separating the propagation paths and diffuse components both on the transmitter (Tx) antenna and receiver (Rx) antenna positions, the propagation paths both on Tx and Rx positions were observed for clusters separately, while coupling the clusters between Tx and Rx position based on similar time of arrivals, and ray tracing by utilizing high temporal and spatial resolution, respectively. The relation between direction of departure and direction of arrival will then be investigated. For cluster properties, parameters of model characteristics are discussed and compared to other earlier works.

Effects of wall material on the channel capacity of an indoor multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system are investigated using a hybrid technique of the method of moments (MoM) and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with consideration of the Ricean K factor and the effective degrees of freedom (EDOF) of multiple paths.

It is well known that speech captured in a room by distant microphones suffers from distortions caused by reverberation. These distortions may seriously damage both speech characteristics and intelligibility, and consequently be harmful to many speech applications. To solve this problem, we proposed a dereverberation algorithm based on multi-channel linear prediction. The method is as follows. First we calculate prediction filters that cancel out the room reverberation but also degrade speech characteristics by causing excessive whitening of the speech. Then, we evaluate the prediction-filter degradation to compensate for the excessive whitening. As the reverberation lengthens, the compensation performance becomes worse due to computational accuracy problems. In this paper, we propose a new computation that may improve compensation accuracy when dealing with long reverberation.

Many applications of OFDM systems require Doppler spread estimation. This is quite difficult in multi-path fading channels with no strong direct path. This letter proposes a novel Doppler spread estimation method, which uses the mean square (MS) value of channel impulse response's time derivative. The proposed method is very simple compared with the previously proposed methods. Simulation results show that it allows easy and precise Doppler spread calculation for OFDM by using the channel estimation based on either pilot tones or pilot symbols.

This paper proposes a co-channel interference cancellation method for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems. Maximum-likelihood multi-user detection (ML-MUD), which is one of the co-channel interference cancellation methods at a receiver side, has excellent bit error rate (BER) performance. However, computational complexity of the ML-MUD is prohibitive, because the ML-MUD must search for the most probable symbol vector from all candidates of the transmitted signals. We apply sphere decoding (SD) to the ML-MUD in order to reduce the computational complexity of the ML-MUD, and moreover we propose a modified version of the SD suitable for the ML-MUD. The proposed method extracts desired signal components from a received signal vector and a channel matrix decomposed the upper triangular form, and then performs the SD to the low dimensional model in order to detect the transmitted signals of the desired user. Computer simulation confirms that the proposed method can suppress the undesired signals and detect the desired signals, offering significant reduction of the computational complexity of the conventional method.

We propose a new fixed-rate error correction system with a feedback channel. In our system, the receiver transmits a list of positions of unreliable information bits based on the log a-posteriori probability ratios by outputs of a soft-output decoder to the transmitter. This method is just like that of the reliability-based hybrid ARQ scheme. To dynamically select an appropriate interleaving function with feedback information is a key feature of our system. By computer simulations, we show that the performance of a system with a feedback channel is improved by dynamically selecting an appropriate interleaving function.

Secret key agreement is a procedure for agreeing on a secret key by exchanging messages over a public channel when a sender, a legitimate receiver (henceforth referred to as a receiver), and an eavesdropper have access to correlated sources. Maurer [6] defined secret key capacity, which is the least upper bound of the key generation rate of the secret key agreement, and presented an upper and a lower bound for the secret key capacity. The advantage distillation capacity is introduced and it is shown that this quantity equals to the secret key capacity. Naive information theoretical expressions of the secret key capacity and the advantage distillation capacity are also presented. An example of correlated sources, for which an analytic expression of the secret key capacity can be obtained, is also presented.

Gastric cancer is a great part of the cancer occurrence and the mortality from cancer in Korea, and the early detection of gastric cancer is very important in the treatment and convalescence. This paper, for the early detection of gastric cancer, proposes the analysis system of an endoscopic image of the stomach, which detects abnormal regions by using the change of color in the image and by providing the surface tissue information to the detector. While advanced inflammation or cancer may be easily detected, early inflammation or cancer is difficult to detect and requires more attention to be detected. This paper, at first, converts an endoscopic image to an image of the IHb (Index of Hemoglobin) model and removes noises incurred by illumination and, automatically detects the regions suspected as cancer and provides the related information to the detector, or provides the surface tissue information for the regions appointed by the detector. This paper does not intend to provide the final diagnosis of abnormal regions detected as gastric cancer, but it intends to provide a supplementary mean to reduce the load and mistaken diagnosis of the detector, by automatically detecting the abnormal regions not easily detected by the human eye and this provides additional information for diagnosis. The experiments using practical endoscopic images for performance evaluation showed that the proposed system is effective in the analysis of endoscopic images of the stomach.

In this letter, we elucidate the ergodic capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with M-ary phase-shift keying (MPSK) modulation and time-multiplexed pilots in frequency-flat Rayleigh fading environment. With linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) channel estimation, the optimal pilots design is presented. For mathematical tractability, we derive an easy-computing closed-form lower bound of the channel capacity. Based on the lower bound, the optimal power allocation between the data and pilots is also presented in closed-form, and the optimal training length is investigated by numerical optimization. It is shown that the transmit scheme with equal training and data power and optimized training length provides suboptimal performance, and the transmit scheme with optimized training length and training power is optimal. With the latter scheme, in most situations, the optimal training length equals the number of the transmit antennas and the corresponding optimal power allocation can be easily computed with the proposed formula.