Following the last proposal of the nonlinear Piece in Hand method, which has 3-layer structure, 2-layer nonlinear Piece in Hand method is proposed. Both of them aim at enhancing the security of existing and future multivariate public key cryptosystems. The new nonlinear Piece in Hand is compared with the 3-layer method and PMI+, which was proposed by Ding, et al.

This letter proposes a new hybrid EM wave absorber with the crossed-wedge shape, which can be applied to 3 m semi anechoic chambers. In this study, we designed a new hybrid EM wave absorber with the crossed-wedge shape, which consisted of the inorganic and organic thin corrugated dielectric lossy sheet containing organic conductive fibers. Then the 3 m semi anechoic chamber is constructed in the size of 9.0 m6.0 m5.7 m (LWH) using these absorbers, and also the normalized site attenuation (NSA) is measured according to ANSI C63.4 in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 GHz. As a result, the measured NSA is obtained within 3 dB of the theoretical one.

In this paper, first the temperature distribution of the pyramidal EM-wave absorber is calculated in the coupled method. Next, the injected power to the EM-wave absorber is changed to estimate the maximum power density that the EM-wave absorber can resist. As a result, the limitation of the injecting power density to a pyramidal EM-wave absorber is achievable.

This letter proposes a new retransmission persistence management scheme for selective repeat automatic repeat request (SR-ARQ). By considering the overall traffic load that has to be managed by SR-ARQ, the proposed scheme arbitrates the retransmission persistence to prevent an abrupt delay increment due to excessive link-level local retransmissions. OPNET simulations show that SR-ARQ performs better with the proposed scheme than with a fixed value of retransmission persistence in terms of the throughput of transmission control protocol (TCP).

Access to information is taken for granted in urban areas covered by a robust communication infrastructure. Nevertheless most of the areas in the world, are not covered by such infrastructures. We propose a DTN publish and subscribe system called Hikari, which uses nodes' mobility in order to distribute messages without using a robust infrastructure. The area of Disruption/Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) focuses on providing connectivity to locations separated by networks with disruptions and delays. The Hikari system does not use node identifiers for message forwarding thus eliminating the complexity of routing associated with many forwarding schemes in DTN. Hikari uses nodes paths' information, advertised by special nodes in the system or predicted by the system itself, for optimizing the message dissemination process. We have used the Paris subway system, due to it's complexity, to validate Hikari and to analyze it's performance. We have shown that Hikari achieves a superior deliver rate while keeping redundant messages in the system low, which is ideal when using devices with limited resources for message dissemination.

We propose a learning strategy for acceleration in learning speed of genetic programming (GP), named hierarchical structure GP (HSGP). The HSGP exploits multiple learning nodes (LNs) which are connected in a hierarchical structure, e.g., a binary tree. Each LN runs conventional evolutionary process to evolve its own population, and sends the evolved population into the connected higher-level LN. The lower-level LN evolves the population with a smaller subset of training data. The higher-level LN then integrates the evolved population from the connected lower-level LNs together, and evolves the integrated population further by using a larger subset of training data. In HSGP, evolutionary processes are sequentially executed from the bottom-level LNs to the top-level LN which evolves with the entire training data. In the experiments, we adopt conventional GPs and the HSGPs to evolve image recognition programs for given training images. The results show that the use of hierarchical structure learning can significantly improve learning speed of GPs. To achieve the same performance, the HSGPs need only 30-40% of the computation cost needed by conventional GPs.

In conjunction with a first-order Taylor series approximation of the spatial scanning vector, this letter presents an iterative multiple signal classification (MUSIC) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for code-division multiple access signals. This approach leads to a simple one-dimensional optimization problem to find each iterative optimal search grid. It can not only accurately estimate DOA, but also speed up the estimating process. Computer results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

IEEE 802.15.4 is a new standard, uniquely designed for low rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). It targets ultra-low complexity, cost, and power, for low-data-rate wireless connectivity. However, one of the main problems of this new standard is its insufficient, and inefficient, media access control (MAC) for priority data. This paper introduces an extended contention access period (XCAP) concept for priority packets, also an traffic adaptive contention differentiation utilizing the XCAP (TACDX). The TACDX determines appropriate transmission policy alternatively according to the traffic conditions and type of packet. TACDX achieves not only enhanced transmission for priority packets but it also has a high energy efficiency for the overall network. The proposed TACDX is verified with simulations to measure the performances.

This letter investigates an ADILC (Iterative Learning Control with Advanced Output Data) scheme for nonminimum phase systems using a partially known impulse response. ADILC has a simple learning structure that can be applied to both minimum phase and nonminimum phase systems. However, in the latter case, the overall control time horizon must be considered in the input update law, which makes the dimension of the matrices in the convergence condition very large. Also, this makes it difficult to find a proper learning gain matrix. In this letter, a new sufficient condition is derived from the convergence condition, which can be used to find the learning gain matrix for nonminimum phase systems if we know the first part of the impulse response up to a sufficient order. Based on this, an iterative learning control scheme is proposed using the estimation of the first part of the impulse response for nonminimum phase systems.

The single input rule modules connected fuzzy inference method (SIRMs method) by Yubazaki et al. can decrease the number of fuzzy rules drastically in comparison with the conventional fuzzy inference methods. Moreover, Seki et al. have proposed a functional-type SIRMs method which generalizes the consequent part of the SIRMs method to function. However, these SIRMs methods can not be applied to XOR (Exclusive OR). In this paper, we propose a "kernel-type SIRMs method" which uses the kernel trick to the SIRMs method, and show that this method can treat XOR. Further, a learning algorithm of the proposed SIRMs method is derived by using the steepest descent method, and compared with the one of conventional SIRMs method and kernel perceptron by applying to identification of nonlinear functions, medical diagnostic system and discriminant analysis of Iris data.

This paper describes the architecture of an integrated platform developed for improving the development efficiency of system LSIs built into digital consumer electronics equipment such as flat-panel TVs and optical disc recorders. The reason for developing an integrated platform is to improve the development efficiency of system LSIs that serve the principal functions of the said equipment. The key is to build a common interface between each software layer, with the system LSI located at the lowest layer. To make this possible, the hardware architecture of the system LSI is divided into five blocks according to its main functionality. In addition, a middleware layer is placed over the operating system to improve the ease of porting old applications and developing new applications in the higher layer. Based on this platform, a system LSI called UniPhierTM has been developed and used in 156 product families of digital consumer electronics equipment (as of December 2008).

Location Based Services (LBS) are expected to become one of the major drivers of ubiquitous services due to recent inception of GPS-enabled mobile devices, the development of Web2.0 paradigm, and emergence of 3G broadband networks. Having this vision in mind, Community Context-attribute-oriented Collaborative Information Environment (CCCIE) based Autonomous Decentralized Community System (ADCS) is proposed to enable provision of services to specific users in specific place at specific time considering various context-attributes. This paper presents autonomous community construction technology that share service discovered by one member among others in flexible way to improve timeliness and reduce network cost. In order to meet crucial goal of real-time and context-aware community construction (provision of service/ service information to users with common interests), and defining flexible service area in highly dynamic operating environment of ADCS, proposed progressive ripple based service discovery technique introduces novel idea of snail's pace and steady advancing search followed by swift boundary confining mechanism; while service area construction shares the discovered service among members in defined area to further improve timeliness and reduce network cost. Analysis and empirical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Content sharing mechanisms in current DRM systems are based on a domain where multiple devices have the same domain key. This can lead to a security weakness as failure of one device means revocation of a domain itself. Furthermore, if a device leaves the domain, all the other devices should update their domain key. This also leads to efficiency problem. This paper proposes the new content sharing scheme based on the user binding DRM without the use of domain key. The proposed scheme improves the previous domain technology in terms of security and efficiency as it removes the use of domain key and only allows content sharing for multiple devices owned by the same user.

Boundary-based corner detection has been widely applied in spline curve fitting, automated optical inspection, image segmentation, object recognition, etc. In order to obtain good results, users usually need to adjust the length of region of support to resist zigzags due to quantization and random noise on digital boundaries. To automatically determine the length of region of support for corner detection, Teh-Chin and Guru-Dinesh presented adaptive approaches based on some local properties of boundary points. However, these local-property based approaches are sensitive to noise. In this paper, we propose a new approach to find the optimum length of region of support for corner detection based on a statistic discriminant criterion. Since our approach is based on the global perspective of all boundary points, rather than the local properties of some points, the experiments show that the determined length of region of support increases as the noise intensity strengthens. In addition, the detected corners based on the optimum length of region of support are consistent with human experts' judgment, even for noisy boundaries.

An ISI-free power roll-off pulse, the roll-off characteristic of which is tunable with one power parameter, is proposed. It is shown that the proposed pulse is advantageous in terms of the probability of error for pulse detection in the presence of a timing error among currently known good pulses, among which the raised cosine pulse, "better than" raised cosine pulse, and polynomial pulse are considered.

To enable fine-grained delegations for proxy re-encryption systems, in AsiaCCS'09, Weng et al.'s introduced the concept of conditional proxy re-encryption (C-PRE), in which the proxy can convert a ciphertext only if a specified condition is satisfied. Weng et al. also proposed a C-PRE scheme, and claimed that their scheme is secure against chosen-ciphertext attack (CCA). In this paper, we show that their scheme is not CCA-secure under their defined security model.

In this letter we show that the dynamic optimal PCID allocation problem in LTE systems is NP-complete. Subsequently we provide a near-optimal solution using SON which models the problem using new merge operations and explores the search space using a suitable randomized algorithmic approach. Two feasible options for dynamic auto-configuration of the system are also discussed. Simulation results point out that the approach provides near-optimal auto-configuration of PCIDs in computationally feasible time.

In the modern day, MPEG-4 image compression technique have been commonly applied in various indoor wireless communication systems. The efficient system design mostly relies on the joint source channel coding algorithms, which aim to reduce the complexity of channel coding process, while maintaining the quality of the receiving images. In this paper, we design the MAP source-controlled channel decoders with both random and semirandom interleavers for Rician slow flat block-fading channels. The MAP-Viterbi decoder employs the residual redundancy from zerotree symbol sequences of MPEG-4 HFS packets. The interleaving processes are done after the overall channel coding process to combat the block-fading effects. The computer simulations summarize the system performance in terms of average WER and PSNR (dB). With the interleavers, the significant improvement in PSNR of about 15-17 dB is obtained for both ML and MAP decoding. Also in many cases, we obtain more improvement of about 0.2-0.4 dB for using MAP decoding with the interleavers.

Applications usually have their own phases in heap memory usage. The traditional garbage collector fails to match various application phases because the same heuristic on the object behavior is used throughout the entire execution. This paper introduces a phase-adaptive garbage collector which reorganizes the heap layout and adjusts the invocation time of the garbage collection according to the phases. The proposed collector identifies phases by detecting the application methods strongly related to the phase boundaries. The experimental results show that the proposed phase-adaptive collector successfully recognizes application phases and improves the garbage collection time by as much as 41%.

In the near future, wireless local area networks (WLANs) will overlap to provide continuous coverage over a wide area. In such ubiquitous WLANs, a mobile node (MN) moving freely between multiple access points (APs) requires not only permanent access to the Internet but also continuous communication quality during handover. In order to satisfy these requirements, an MN needs to (1) select an AP with better performance and (2) execute a handover seamlessly. To satisfy requirement (2), we proposed a seamless handover method in a previous study. Moreover, in order to achieve (1), the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is usually employed to measure wireless link quality in a WLAN system. However, in a real environment, especially if APs are densely situated, it is difficult to always select an AP with better performance based on only the RSSI. This is because the RSSI alone cannot detect the degradation of communication quality due to radio interference. Moreover, it is important that AP selection is completed only on an MN, because we can assume that, in ubiquitous WLANs, various organizations or operators will manage APs. Hence, we cannot modify the APs for AP selection. To overcome these difficulties, in the present paper, we propose and implement a proactive AP selection method considering wireless link condition based on the number of frame retransmissions in addition to the RSSI. In the evaluation, we show that the proposed AP selection method can appropriately select an AP with good wireless link quality, i.e., high RSSI and low radio interference.