Dual-rotor machine (DRM) is a multiple input and output electromechanical device with two electrical and two mechanical ports which make it an optimal transmission system for hybrid electric vehicles. In attempt to boost its performance and efficiency, this work presents a dual-rotor permanent magnet (DR-PM) machine system used for continuously variable transmission (CVT) in HEVs. The proposed DR-PM machine is analyzed, and modeled in consideration of vehicle driving requirements. Considering energy conversion modes and torque transfer modes, operation conditions of the DR-PM machine system used for CVT are illustrated in detail. Integrated control model of the system is carried out, besides, intelligent speed ratio control strategy is designed by analyzing the dynamic coupling modes upon the integrated models to satisfy the performance requirements, reasonable energy-split between machine and engine, and optimal fuel economy. Experimental results confirm the validity of the mathematical model of the DR-PM machine system in the application of CVT, and the effectiveness of the intelligent speed ratio control strategy.

The CC-Link proposed by the Mitsubishi Electric Company is an industrial network used exclusively in most industries. However, the probabilities of data loss and interference with equipment control increase if the transmission time is greater than the link scan time of 381µs. The link scan time can be reduced by designing the CC-Link module as an external microprocessor (MPU) interface of R-IN32M3; however, it then suffers from expandability issues. Thus, in this paper, we propose a new CC-Link module utilizing R-IN32M3 to improve the expandability. In our designed CC-Link module, we devise a dual-port RAM (DPRAM) function in an external I/O module, which enables parallel communication between the DPRAM and the external MPU. Our experiment with the implemented CC-Link prototype demonstrates that our CC-Link design improves the communication speed owing to the parallel communication between DPRAM and external MPU, and expandability of remote I/O. Our design achieves miniaturization of the CC-Link module, wiring reduction, and an approximately 30% reduction in the link scan time. Furthermore, because we utilize both the Renesas R-IN32M3 and Xilinx XC95144XL chips widely used in diverse application areas, the designed CC-Link module reduces the investment cost. The proposed design is expected to significantly contribute to the utilization of the programmable logic controller memory and I/O expansion for factory automation and improvement of the investment efficiency in the flat panel display industry.

Multiple input multiple output with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is used in various parts of wireless communication systems. Because the MIMO-OFDM system simultaneously transmits parallel data streams and each receive antenna receives all data streams at one time, the detection ability of the receiver is very important. Among the detection schemes suitable for OFDM, maximum likelihood (ML) detection has optimal performance, but its complexity is so high that it is infeasible. Linear detection schemes such as zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) have low complexity, but also low performance. Among non-linear detection schemes, the near-ML detection which is the sphere detection (SD) or the QR decomposition with M algorithm (QRD-M) also has optimal performance but the complexity of SD and QRD-M detection is also too high. Other non-linear detection schemes like successive interference cancellation (SIC) detection have low complexity. However, the performance of SIC detection is lower than other non-linear detection schemes. In this paper, selectively iterative detection is proposed for MIMO-OFDM system; it offers low complexity and good performance.

Integer codes are defined by error-correcting codes over integers modulo a fixed positive integer. In this paper, we show that the construction of integer codes can be reduced into the cases of prime-power moduli. We can efficiently search integer codes with small prime-power moduli and can construct target integer codes with a large composite-number modulus. Moreover, we also show that this prime-factorization reduction is useful for the construction of self-orthogonal and self-dual integer codes, i.e., these properties in the prime-power moduli are preserved in the composite-number modulus. Numerical examples of integer codes and generator matrices demonstrate these facts and processes.

Recently, the demand for the digitization of manga is increased. Then, in the case of an old manga where the original pictures have been lost, we have to digitize it from comics. However, the show-through phenomenon would be caused by scanning of the comics since it is represented as the double sided images. This letter proposes the manga show-through cancellation method based on the deep convolutional neural network (CNN). Numerical results show that the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Dual-motor driving servo systems are widely used in many military and civil fields. Since backlash nonlinearity affects the dynamic performance and steady-state tracking accuracy of these systems, it is necessary to study a control strategy to reduce its adverse effects. We first establish the state-space model of a system. To facilitate the design of the controller, we simplify the model based on the state-space model. Then, we design an adaptive controller combining a projection algorithm with dynamic surface control applied to a dual-motor driving servo system, which we believe to be the first, and analyze its stability. Simulation results show that projection algorithm-based dynamic surface control has smaller tracking error, faster tracking speed, and better robustness and stability than mere dynamic surface control. Finally, the experimental analysis validates the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.

In this paper, we study self-dual cyclic codes of length n over the ring R=Z4[u]/, where n is an odd positive integer. We define a new Gray map φ from R to Z42. It is a bijective map and maintains the self-duality. Furthermore, we give the structures of the generators of cyclic codes and self-dual cyclic codes of odd length n over the ring R. As an application, some self-dual codes of length 2n over Z4 are obtained.

For more flexible and efficient use of radio spectrum, reconfigurable RF devices have important roles in the future wireless systems. In 5G mobile communications, concurrent multi-band operation using new SHF bands is considered. This paper presents a new configuration of dual-band SHF BPF consisting of a low SHF three-bit reconfigurable BPF and a high SHF BPF. The proposed dual-band BPF employs direct parallel connection without additional divider/combiner to reduce circuit elements and simplify the BPF. In order to obtain a good isolation between two passbands while achieving a wide center frequency range in the low SHF BPF, input/output impedances and external Qs of BPFs are analyzed and feedbacked to the design. A high SHF BPF design method with tapped transmission line resonators and lumped-element coupling is also presented to make the BPF compact. Two types of prototypes; all inductor-coupled dual-band BPF and C-L-C coupled dual-band BPF were designed and fabricated. Both prototypes have low SHF reconfigurable center frequency range from 3.5 to 5 GHz as well as high SHF center frequency of 8.5 GHz with insertion loss below 2.0 dB.

This paper proposes a method for predicting individuality-preserving gait patterns. Physical rehabilitation can be performed using visual and/or physical instructions by physiotherapists or exoskeletal robots. However, a template-based rehabilitation may produce discomfort and pain in a patient because of deviations from the natural gait of each patient. Our work addresses this problem by predicting an individuality-preserving gait pattern for each patient. In this prediction, the transition of the gait patterns is modeled by associating the sequence of a 3D skeleton in gait with its continuous-value gait features (e.g., walking speed or step width). In the space of the prediction model, the arrangement of the gait patterns are optimized so that (1) similar gait patterns are close to each other and (2) the gait feature changes smoothly between neighboring gait patterns. This model allows to predict individuality-preserving gait patterns of each patient even if his/her various gait patterns are not available for prediction. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated quantitatively. with two datasets.

Virtual Machine Placement (VMP) plays an important role in ensuring efficient resource provisioning of physical machines (PMs) and energy efficiency in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) data centers. Efficient server consolidation assisted by virtual machine (VM) migration can promote the utilization level of the servers and switch the idle PMs to sleep mode to save energy. The trade-off between energy and performance is difficult, because consolidation may cause performance degradation, even service level agreement (SLA) violations. A novel residual available capacity (RAC) resource model is proposed to resolve the VM selection and allocation problem from the cloud service provider (CSP) perspective. Furthermore, a novel heuristic VM selection policy for server consolidation, named Minimized Square Root available Resource (MISR) is proposed. Meanwhile, an efficient VM allocation policy, named Balanced Selection (BS) based on RAC is proposed. The effectiveness validation of the BS-MISR combination is conducted on CloudSim with real workloads from the CoMon project. Evaluation results of experiments show that the proposed combinationBS-MISR can significantly reduce the energy consumption, with an average of 36.35% compared to the Local Regression and Minimum Migration Time (LR-MMT) combination policy. Moreover, the BS-MISR ensures a reasonable level of SLAs compared to the benchmarks.

For the reconstruction of the feedback polynomial of a synchronous scrambler placed after a convolutional encoder, the existing algorithms require the prior knowledge of a dual word of the convolutional code. To address the case of a dual word being unknown, a new algorithm for the reconstruction of the feedback polynomial based on triple correlation characteristic of an m-sequence is proposed. First, the scrambled convolutional code sequence is divided into bit blocks; the product of the scrambled bit blocks with a dual word is proven to be an m-sequence with the same period as the synchronous scrambler. Second, based on the triple correlation characteristic of the generated m-sequence, a dual word is estimated; the generator polynomial of the generated m-sequence is computed by two locations of the triple correlation peaks. Finally, the feedback polynomial is reconstructed using the generator polynomial of the generated m-sequence. As the received sequence may contain bit errors, a method for detecting triple correlation peaks based on the constant false-alarm criterion is elaborated. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective. Ulike the existing algorithms available, there is no need to know a dual word a priori and the reconstruction result is more accurate. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is robust to bit errors.

The 1-bit band-pass delta-sigma modulator (BP-DSM) achieves high resolution if it uses an oversampling technique. This method can generate concurrent dual-band RF signals from a digitally modulated signal using a 1-bit digital pulse train. It was previously reported that the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) deteriorates owing to the asymmetrical waveform created by the pulse transition mismatch error of the rising and falling waveforms in the time domain and that the ACLR can be improved by distortion compensation. However, the reported distortion compensation method can only be performed for single-band transmission, and it fails to support multi-band transmission because the asymmetrical waveform compensated signal extends over a wide frequency range and is itself a harmful distortion outside the target band. Unfortunately, the increase of out-of-band power causes the BP-DSM unstable. We therefore propose a distortion compensator for a concurrent dual-band 1-bit BP-DSM that consists of a noise transfer function with a quasi-elliptic filter that can control the out-of-band gain frequency response against out-of-band oscillation. We demonstrate that dual-band LTE signals, each with 40MHz (2×20MHz) bandwidth, at 1.5 and 3.0GHz, can be compensated concurrently for spurious distortion under various combinations of rising and falling times and ACLR of up to 48dB, each with 120MHz bandwidth, including the double sided adjacent channels and next adjacent channels, is achieved.

In this letter, a novel transmission scheme is proposed to eliminate the polarization dependent loss (PDL) effect in dual-polarized satellite systems. In fact, the PDL effect is the key problem that limits the performance of the systems based on the PM technique, while it is naturally eliminated in the proposed scheme since we transmit the two components of the polarized signal in turn in two symbol periods. Moreover, a simple and effective detection method based on the signal's power is proposed to distinguish the polarization characteristic of the transmit antenna. In addition, there is no requirement on the channel state information at the transmitter, which is popular in satellite systems. Finally, superiorities are validated by the theoretical analysis and simulation results in the dual-polarized satellite systems.

In this paper, a dual-polarized phased array based polarization state modulation method is proposed to enhance the physical-layer security in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication systems. Indeed, we utilize two polarized beams to transmit the two components of the polarized signal, respectively. By randomly selecting the transmitting antennas, both the amplitude and the phase of two beams vary randomly in undesired directions, which lead to the PM constellation structure distortion in side lobes, thus the transmission security is enhanced since the symbol error rate increases at the eavesdropper side. To enhance the security performance when the eavesdropper is close to the legitimate receiver and located in main beam, the artificial noise based on the orthogonal vector approach is inserted randomly between two polarized beams, which can further distort the constellation structure in undesired directions and improve the secrecy capacity in main beam as well. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the proposed method can improve the transmission security in mm-wave communication systems.

In this letter, we propose a sequential convolutional residual network, where we first analyze a tangled network architecture using simplified equations and determine the critical point to untangle the complex network architecture. Although the residual network shows good performance, the learning efficiency is not better than expected at deeper layers because the network is excessively intertwined. To solve this problem, we propose a network in which the information is transmitted sequentially. In this network architecture, the neighboring layer output adds the input of the current layer and iteratively passes its result to the next sequential layer. Thus, the proposed network can improve the learning efficiency and performance by successfully mitigating the complexity in deep networks. We show that the proposed network performs well on the Cifar-10 and Cifar-100 datasets. In particular, we prove that the proposed method is superior to the baseline method as the depth increases.

We present an 82.5GS/s over-sampling based burst-mode clock and data recovery (BM-CDR) IC chip-set comprising an 82.5GS/s over-sampling IC using 8×10.3GHz multi-phase clocks and a dual-rate data selector logic IC to realize the 10.3Gb/s and 1.25Gb/s dual-rate burst-mode fast-lock operation required for 10-Gigabit based fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) services supported by 10-Gigabit Ethernet passive optical network (10G-EPON) systems. As the key issue for designing the proposed 82.5GS/s BM-CDR, a fresh study of the optimum number of multi-phase clocks, which is equivalent to the sampling resolution, is undertaken, and details of the 10.3Gb/s cum 1.25/Gb/s dual-rate optimum phase data selection logic based on a blind phase decision algorithm, which can realize a full single-platform dual-rate BM-CDR, ate also presented. By using the power of the proposed 82.5GS/s over-sampling BM-CDR in cooperation with our dual-rate burst-mode optical receiver, we further demonstrated that a short dual-rate and burst-mode preamble of 256ns supporting receiver settling and CDR recovery times was successfully achieved, while obtaining high receiver sensitivities of -31.6dBm at 10.3Gb/s and -34.6dBm at 1.25Gb/s and a high pulse-width distortion tolerance of +/-0.53UI, which are superior to the 10G-EPON standard.

How to represent images into highly compact binary codes is a critical issue in many computer vision tasks. Existing deep hashing methods typically focus on designing loss function by using pairwise or triplet labels. However, these methods ignore the attention mechanism in the human visual system. In this letter, we propose a novel Deep Attention Residual Hashing (DARH) method, which directly learns hash codes based on a simple pointwise classification loss function. Compared to previous methods, our method does not need to generate all possible pairwise or triplet labels from the training dataset. Specifically, we develop a new type of attention layer which can learn human eye fixation and significantly improves the representation ability of hash codes. In addition, we embedded the attention layer into the residual network to simultaneously learn discriminative image features and hash codes in an end-to-end manner. Extensive experiments on standard benchmarks demonstrate that our method preserves the instance-level similarity and outperforms state-of-the-art deep hashing methods in the image retrieval application.

This paper proposes a genetic algorithm (GA) based design method for arbitrarily-shaped resonant elements that offer enhanced reflectarray antenna performance. All elements have the specified phase property over the range of 360°, and also have dual-polarization and low cross-polarization properties for better reflectarray performance. In addition, the proposal is suitable for linear-to-circular polarization conversion elements. Thus, polarizer reflectarray elements are also presented in this paper. The proposed elements are validated using both numerical simulations and experiments.

A ripple-free dual-rate control system is designed for a single-input single-output dual-rate system, in which the sampling interval of a plant output is longer than the holding interval of a control input. The dual-rate system is converged to a multi-input single-output single-rate system using the lifting technique, and a control system is designed based on an error system using the steady-state variable. Because the proposed control law is designed so that the control input is constant in the steady state, the intersample output as well as the sampled output converges to the set-point without both steady-state error and intersample ripples when there is neither modeling nor disturbance. Furthermore, in the proposed method, a two-degree-of-freedom integral compensation is designed, and hence, the transient response is not deteriorated by the integral action because the integral action is canceled when there is neither modeling nor disturbance. Moreover, in the presence of the modeling error or disturbance, the integral compensation is revealed, and hence, the steady-state error is eliminated on both the intersample and sampled response.

Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) started test satellite broadcasting of ultra-high-definition television (UHDTV) on August 1st, 2016. The test broadcasting is being provided in the 12-GHz (11.7 to 12.75GHz) band with right-hand circular polarization. In 2018, left-hand circular polarization in the same frequency band will be used for satellite broadcasting of UHDTV. Because UHDTV satellite broadcasting uses the 16APSK modulation scheme, which requires a higher carrier-to-noise ratio than that used for HDTV in Japan, it is important to mitigate the cross-polarization interference. Therefore, we fabricated and tested a dual-circularly polarized offset parabolic reflector antenna that has a feed antenna composed of a 2×2 microstrip antenna array, which is sequentially rotated to enhance the polarization purity. Measured results showed that the fabricated antenna complied with our requirements, a voltage standing wave ratio of less than 1.4, antenna gain of 34.5dBi (i.e., the aperture efficiency was 69%), and cross-polarization discrimination of 28.7dB.