Lihan TONG Weijia LI Qingxia YANG Liyuan CHEN Peng CHEN
Yinan YANG
Myung-Hyun KIM Seungkwang LEE
Shuoyan LIU Chao LI Yuxin LIU Yanqiu WANG
Takumi INABA Takatsugu ONO Koji INOUE Satoshi KAWAKAMI
Martin LUKAC Saadat NURSULTAN Georgiy KRYLOV Oliver KESZOCZE Abilmansur RAKHMETTULAYEV Michitaka KAMEYAMA
Zheqing ZHANG Hao ZHOU Chuan LI Weiwei JIANG
Liu ZHANG Zilong WANG Yindong CHEN
Wenxia Bao An Lin Hua Huang Xianjun Yang Hemu Chen
Fengshan ZHAO Qin LIU Takeshi IKENAGA
Haruhiko KAIYA Shinpei OGATA Shinpei HAYASHI
Jiakai LI Jianyong DUAN Hao WANG Li HE Qing ZHANG
Yuxin HUANG Yuanlin YANG Enchang ZHU Yin LIANG Yantuan XIAN
Naohito MATSUMOTO Kazuhiro KURITA Masashi KIYOMI
Na XING Lu LI Ye ZHANG Shiyi YANG
Zhe Wang Zhe-Ming Lu Hao Luo Yang-Ming Zheng
Rina TAGAMI Hiroki KOBAYASHI Shuichi AKIZUKI Manabu HASHIMOTO
Tomohiro KOBAYASHI Tomomi MATSUI
Shin-ichi NAKANO
Hongzhi XU Binlian ZHANG
Weizhi WANG Lei XIA Zhuo ZHANG Xiankai MENG
Yuka KO Katsuhito SUDOH Sakriani SAKTI Satoshi NAKAMURA
Rinka KAWANO Masaki KAWAMURA
Zhishuo ZHANG Chengxiang TAN Xueyan ZHAO Min YANG
Peng WANG Guifen CHEN Zhiyao SUN
Zeyuan JU Zhipeng LIU Yu GAO Haotian LI Qianhang DU Kota YOSHIKAWA Shangce GAO
Ji WU Ruoxi YU Kazuteru NAMBA
Hao WANG Yao Ma Jianyong Duan Li HE Xin Li
Shijie WANG Xuejiao HU Sheng LIU Ming LI Yang LI Sidan DU
Arata KANEKO Htoo Htoo Sandi KYAW Kunihiro FUJIYOSHI Keiichi KANEKO
Qi LIU Bo WANG Shihan TAN Shurong ZOU Wenyi GE
HanYu Zhang Tomoji Kishi
Shinobu NAGAYAMA Tsutomu SASAO Jon T. BUTLER
Yoon Hak KIM
Takashi HIRAYAMA Rin SUZUKI Katsuhisa YAMANAKA Yasuaki NISHITANI
Yosuke IIJIMA Atsunori OKADA Yasushi YUMINAKA
Batnasan Luvaanjalba Elaine Yi-Ling Wu
KuanChao CHU Satoshi YAMAZAKI Hideki NAKAYAMA
Shenglei LI Haoran LUO Tengfei SHAO Reiko HISHIYAMA
Yasushi YUMINAKA Kazuharu NAKAJIMA Yosuke IIJIMA
Chunbo Liu Liyin Wang Zhikai Zhang Chunmiao Xiang Zhaojun Gu Zhi Wang Shuang Wang
Jia-ji JIANG Hai-bin WAN Hong-min SUN Tuan-fa QIN Zheng-qiang WANG
Yuhao LIU Zhenzhong CHU Lifei WEI
Ken ASANO Masanori NATSUI Takahiro HANYU
Shuto HASEGAWA Koichiro ENOMOTO Taeko MIZUTANI Yuri OKANO Takenori TANAKA Osamu SAKAI
Zhewei XU Mizuho IWAIHARA
Takao WAHO Akihisa KOYAMA Hitoshi HAYASHI
Taisei SAITO Kota ANDO Tetsuya ASAI
Shiyu YANG Tetsuya KANDA Daniel M. GERMAN Yoshiki HIGO
Tsutomu SASAO
Jiyeon LEE
Koichi MORIYAMA Akira OTSUKA
Hongliang FU Qianqian LI Huawei TAO Chunhua ZHU Yue XIE Ruxue GUO
Gao WANG Gaoli WANG Siwei SUN
Hua HUANG Yiwen SHAN Chuan LI Zhi WANG
Zhi LIU Heng WANG Yuan LI Hongyun LU Hongyuan JING Mengmeng ZHANG
Tomoyasu NAKANO Masataka GOTO
Hyebong CHOI Joel SHIN Jeongho KIM Samuel YOON Hyeonmin PARK Hyejin CHO Jiyoung JUNG
Xianglong LI Yuan LI Jieyuan ZHANG Xinhai XU Donghong LIU
Haoran LUO Tengfei SHAO Shenglei LI Reiko HISHIYAMA
Chang SUN Yitong LIU Hongwen YANG
Ji XI Yue XIE Pengxu JIANG Wei JIANG
Ming PAN
Yoshiaki SHIRAI Tsuyoshi YAMANE Ryuzo OKADA
This paper describes methods of tracking of moving objects in a cluttered background by integrating optical flow, depth data, and/or uniform brightness regions. First, a basic method is introduced which extracts a region with uniform optical flow as the target region. Then an extended method is described in which optical flow and depth are fused. A target region is extracted by Baysian inference in term of optical flow, depth and the predicted target location. This method works only for textured objects because optical flow or depth are extracted for textured objects. In order to solve this problem, uniform regions in addition to the optical flow are used for tracking. Realtime human tracking is realized for real image sequences by using a real time processor with multiple DSPs.
Yasushi NAKAUCHI Yasuchika MORI
This paper proposes Emergent Behavior Based Architecture (EBBA) that fusions heterogeneous sensor information at the level of behavior modules. The characteristics of EBBA are as follows. i) sensor based architecture, ii) constructed by a set of concurrently executable behavior modules, iii) to have multiple methods to achieve given tasks by utilizing behavior modules, iv) a planner can control emergent behaviors. We also have developed mobile robot navigation system based on EBBA and confirmed the efficiency by experiments in the various situations.
This paper proposes an object oriented face region detection and tracking method using range color information. Range segmentation of the objects are obtained from the complicated background using disparity histogram (DH). The facial regions among the range segmented objects are detected using skin-color transform technique that provides a facial region enhanced gray-level image. Computationally efficient matching pixel count (MPC) disparity measure is introduced to enhance the matching accuracy by removing the effect of the unexpected noise in the boundary region. Redundancy operations inherent in the area-based matching operation are removed to enhance the processing speed. For the skin-color transformation, the generalized facial color distribution (GFCD) is modeled by 2D Gaussian function in a normalized color space. Disparity difference histogram (DDH) concept from two consecutive frames is introduced to estimate the range information effectively. Detailed geometrical analysis provides exact variation of range information of moving object. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm works well in various environments, at a rate of 1 frame per second with 512
Shigeki NAGAYA Yoshiaki ITOH Takashi ENDO Jiro KIYAMA Susumu SEKI Ryuichi OKA
We propose an information integration architecture for a man-machine interface to construct a new agent-based Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) system. The system acts as a clerk in cooperative work giving users the advantage of using cooperative work space. The system allows users to do their work in the style of an ordinary meeting because spontaneous expressions of speech and gestures by users are detected by sensors so that they can be integrated with a task model at several levels to create suitable responses in a man-machine interface. As a result, users can dedicate themselves to mutually understand other meeting members with no awareness of direction to the CSCW system. In this paper, we describe the whole system and its information integration architecture for the man-machine interface including, the principle of functions, the current status of the system and future directions.
Munehiro IWAMI Masahiko SAKAI Yoshihito TOYAMA
Simplification orderings, like the recursive path ordering and the improved recursive decomposition ordering, are widely used for proving the termination property of term rewriting systems. The improved recursive decomposition ordering is known as the most powerful simplification ordering. Recently Jouannaud and Rubio extended the recursive path ordering to higher-order rewrite systems by introducing an ordering on type structure. In this paper we extend the improved recursive decomposition ordering for proving termination of higher-order rewrite systems. The key idea of our ordering is a new concept of pseudo-terminal occurrences.
Dongwook KIM Myoung Ho KIM Yoon Joon LEE
Complex rule conditions are commonly required to describe complicated business semantics. In these cases, efficient condition evaluation is crucial for high performance of active database systems. Most previous works used the incremental evaluation techniques, whose operations are relatively expensive due to the processing based on the exact calculation of the condition expression. In this paper we propose a new filtering technique that effectively identifies false condition in an early stage of condition monitoring. Since the results of condition evaluation tend to be false in most practical cases, an efficient filtering method can highly facilitate fast condition evaluation. The proposed filtering technique is developed based on the new perspective of database state and database operations, i. e. , a vector space model. We first present vector representations of database states, database operations, and complex condition expressions. Then, we propose a filtering method based on the properties of a vector space, called the sphere containment test. Our proposed method determines the truth value of the rule conditions only with the delta vectors maintained in main memory. We compare our method with a typical incremental evaluation method and show that the proposed method can give a significant performance enhancement.
Kazunori ONOGUCHI Nobuyuki TAKEDA Mutsumi WATANABE
This paper presents a method which can effectively acquire free space on a plane for moving forward in safety by using height information of objects. This method can be applied to free space extraction on a road, and, in short, it is a road extraction method for an autonomous vehicle. Since a road area can be assumed to be a sequence of flat planes in front of a vehicle, it is effective to apply the inverse perspective projection model to the ground plane. However, conventional methods using this model have a drawback in that some areas on the road plane are wrongly detected as obstacle areas since these methods are sensitive to the error of the camera geometry with respect to the assumed plane. In order to overcome this drawback, the proposed approach named the Planar Projection Stereopsis (PPS) method supplies, to the road extraction method using the inverse perspective projection model, a contrivance for removing these erroneous areas effectively. Since PPS uses the inverse perspective projection model, both left and right images are projected to the road plane and obstacle areas are detected by examining the difference between these projected images. Because detected obstacle areas include a lot of erroneous areas, PPS examines the shapes of the obstacle areas and eliminates falsely detected areas on the road plane by using the following properties: obstacles whose heights are different from the road plane are projected to the shapes falling backward from the location where the obstacles touch the road plane; and the length of shapes falling backward depends on the location of obstacles in relation to the stereoscopic cameras and the height of obstacles in relation to the road plane. Experimental results for real road scenes have shown the effectiveness of the proposed method. The quantitative evaluation of the results has shown that on average 89. 3% of the real road area can be extracted and the average of the falsely extracted ratio is 1. 4%. Since the road area can be extracted by simple projection of images and subtraction of projected images from a set of stereo images, our method can be applied to real-time operation.
Alberto TOMITA,Jr. Tsuyoshi EBINA Rokuya ISHII
In this paper we propose a method to aid a visually impaired person in the operation of a computer running a graphical user interface (GUI). It is based on image processing techniques, using images taken by a color camera placed over a Braille display. The shape of the user's hand is extracted from the image by analyzing the hue and saturation histograms. The orientation of the hand, given by an angle θ with the vertical axis, is calculated based on central moments. The image of the hand is then rotated to a normalized position. The number of pixels in each column of the normalized image is counted, and the result is put in a histogram. By analyzing the coefficient of asymmetry of this histogram, it can be determined whether the thumb is positioned along the pointing finger, or whether it is far from the other fingers. These two positions define two states that correspond to a mouse button up or down. In this way, by rotating the hand and moving the thumb, we can emulate the acts of moving a scroll bar and depressing a mouse button, respectively. These operations can be used to perform tasks in a GUI, such as cut-and-paste, for example. Experimental results show that this method is fast and efficient for the proposed application.
Taro WATANABE Masahiro ARAKI Shuji DOSHITA
In this paper, experimental results of evaluating dialogue strategies of confirmation with a noisy channel are presented. First, the types of errors in task-oriented dialogues are investigated and classified as communication, dialogue, knowledge, problem solving, or objective errors. Since the errors are of different levels, the methods for recovering from errors must be examined separately. We have investigated that the dialogue and knowledge errors generated by communication errors can be recovered through system confirmation with the user. In addition, we examined that the manner in which a system initiates dialogue, namely, dialogue strategies, might influence the cooperativity of their interactions depending on the frequency of confirmations and the amount of information conveyed. Furthermore, the choice of dialogue strategies will be influenced by the rate of occurrence of communication errors in a communication channel and related to the properties of the task, for example, the difficulty in achieving a goal or the frequency of the movement of initiatives. To verify these hypotheses, we prepared a testbed task, the Group Scheduling Task, and examined it through a computer-to-computer dialogue simulation in which one system took the part of a scheduling system and the other system acted as a user. In this simulation, erroneous input for the scheduling system was also developed. The user system was designed to act randomly so that it could simulate a real human user, while the scheduling system was devised to strictly follow a particular dialogue strategy of confirmation. The experimental results showed that a certain amount of confirmation was required to overcome errors when the rate of occurrence of communication errors was high, but that excessive confirmation did not serve to resolve errors, depending on the task involved.